EEG Features Extraction for Motor Imagery

Motor imagery is the mental simulation of a motor act that includes preparation for movement, passive observations of action and mental operations of motor representations implicitly or explicitly. Motor imagery as preparation for immediate movement likely involves the motor executive brain regions. Implicit mental operations of motor representations are considered to underlie cognitive functions. Another problem concerning neuro-imaging studies on motor imagery is that the performance of imagination is very difficult to control. The ability of an individual to control its EEG may enable him to communicate without being able to control their voluntary muscles. Communication based on EEG signals does not require neuromuscular control and the individuals who have neuromuscular disorders and who may have no more control over any of their conventional communication abilities may still be able to communicate through a direct brain-computer interface. A brain-computer interface replaces the use of nerves and muscles and the movements they produce with electrophysiological signals and is coupled with the hardware and software that translate those signals into physical actions. One of the most important components of a brain-computer interface is the EEG feature extraction procedure. This paper presents an approach that uses self-organizing fuzzy neural network based time series prediction that performs EEG feature extraction in the time domain only. EEG is recorded from two electrodes placed on the scalp over the motor cortex. EEG signals from each electrode are predicted by a single fuzzy neural network. Features derived from the mean squared error of the predictions and from the mean squared of the predicted signals are extracted from EEG data by means of a sliding window. The architecture of the two auto-organizing fuzzy neural networks is a network with multi inputs and single output