Thermal strain of cement-based materials under cryogenic temperatures and its freeze-thaw cycles using fibre Bragg grating sensor

Abstract By embedding a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor which had been recalibrated at cryogenic temperatures in the cement-based materials to be tested, the thermal strain of cement-based materials and the factors affecting it could be effectively measured under cryogenic temperatures for its freeze-thaw cycles. The freezing process of pore water was characterized by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the ice content was calculated by thermoporometry (TPM). The relationship between the freezing process of pore water and the thermal strain was discussed. The results confirmed that FBG sensors could characterize the on-time thermal strain of cement-based materials under cryogenic temperatures. The moisture content and fine aggregate had a great influence on the thermal strain under cryogenic temperatures and its freeze-thaw cycles. Cement paste expanded from −25 °C to −50 °C in the cooling period and contracted from −50 °C to −5°C in the heating period. The residual strain remained in the matrix generated by water freezing between 0℃ and −50℃ after six cryogenic freeze-thaw cycles. Greater thermal strain was generated in the cement paste with a higher moisture content, and fine aggregate obviously increased the thermal strain of cement-based materials. The migration and freezing of pore water are the main reasons for the thermal strain of cement-based materials at cryogenic temperatures.

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