Polarization-based complex index of refraction estimation with diffuse scattering consideration

Optical polarimetry is an approach that shows promise for refractive index estimation from scattering off a target’s surface, which is task of pivotal importance for remote sensing and computer graphics applications. However, the estimation often relies on a microfacet polarimetric bidirectional reflectance distribution function (pBRDF) that is limited to specular targets involving single surface scattering. In this paper, we develop an analytic model for the degree of polarization (DOP) reflected from a rough surface that includes a multiplicative factor for the effect of diffuse scattering. Evaluation of the model indicates that diffuse scattering can significantly affect the DOP values, and the biased DOP values can further lead to inaccurate estimation of the surface refractive index.

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