On the lubricity mechanism of carbon-based nanofluid fuels

The authors would like to acknowledge the fund allocated to this research by Saudi Aramco and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. The authors thank Dr. Eshan Singh (Sandia National Laboratories) and Dr. Andrew S. Bailey (Saudi Aramco) for valuable discussions on this manuscript preparation.

[1]  Asif Afzal,et al.  The effects of graphene oxide nanoparticle additive stably dispersed in dairy scum oil biodiesel-diesel fuel blend on CI engine: performance, emission and combustion characteristics , 2019 .

[2]  Duncan Dowson,et al.  Development of a new mechano-chemical model in boundary lubrication☆ , 2016 .

[3]  Fei Zhao,et al.  The nature of friction: A critical assessment , 2013, Friction.

[4]  V. K. Chhibber,et al.  Tribological behavior of diesel fuels and the effect of anti-wear additives , 2013 .

[5]  M. Oguma,et al.  Evaluation of Hydrous Ethanol Fuel Lubricity by HFRR , 2016 .

[6]  Hugh Spikes,et al.  Study of Zinc Dialkydithiophosphate Antiwear Film Formation and Removal Processes, Part I: Experimental , 2005 .

[7]  M. J. Furey,et al.  Metallic Contact and Friction between Sliding Surfaces , 1961 .

[8]  Hugh Spikes,et al.  The lubricity of diesel fuels , 1986 .

[9]  G. Bhandari,et al.  Preparation and Tribological Properties of Graphene Lubricant Additives for Low-Sulfur Fuel by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma-Assisted Ball Milling , 2021, Processes.

[10]  J. Georges,et al.  Boundary lubrication with anti-wear additives: study of interface film formation by electrical contact resistance , 1979 .

[11]  S. R. Westbrook,et al.  Diesel Fuel Lubricity , 1995 .

[12]  J. Agudelo,et al.  Lubricity of Ethanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends , 2010 .

[13]  William L. Hase,et al.  Chemical kinetics and dynamics , 1989 .

[14]  T. Jacobs,et al.  Nanoscale wear as a stress-assisted chemical reaction. , 2013, Nature nanotechnology.

[15]  Manuch Nikanjam,et al.  Lubricity of Low Aromatics Diesel Fuel , 1992 .

[16]  P. Ryason,et al.  Boundary film formation by ZnDTPs and detergents using ECR , 1998 .

[17]  S. Datta,et al.  Analyses of anti-wear and extreme pressure properties of castor oil with zinc oxide nano friction modifiers , 2017, Applied Surface Science.

[18]  Hugh Spikes,et al.  Study of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate Antiwear Film Formation and Removal Processes, Part II: Kinetic Model , 2005 .

[19]  W. Tysoe.  On Stress-Induced Tribochemical Reaction Rates , 2017, Tribology Letters.

[20]  N. Ozawa,et al.  Non‐Empirical Law for Nanoscale Atom‐by‐Atom Wear , 2020, Advanced science.

[21]  Yip-Wah Chung,et al.  Formation and Nature of Carbon-Containing Tribofilms. , 2019, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[22]  Yu Tian,et al.  Recent advances in friction and lubrication of graphene and other 2D materials: Mechanisms and applications , 2019, Friction.

[23]  S. Salley,et al.  Investigation of Lubricity Characteristics of Biodiesel in Petroleum and Synthetic Fuel , 2009 .

[24]  S. Roos,et al.  Wear and Electrical Resistance on Diesel Lubricated Surfaces Undergoing Reciprocating Sliding , 2004 .

[25]  E. Neto,et al.  Formulation and tribological behavior of ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels microemulsified with glycerin , 2021 .

[26]  Stephen U. S. Choi.  Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nano-particles , 1995 .

[27]  J. Robertson,et al.  Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon , 2000 .

[28]  A. Jaworski,et al.  Lubricity of ethanol–diesel blends – Study with the HFRR method , 2017 .

[29]  R. W. Carpick,et al.  Mechanisms of antiwear tribofilm growth revealed in situ by single-asperity sliding contacts , 2015, Science.

[30]  Chris W. Brown,et al.  Raman Spectra of Possible Corrosion Products of Iron , 1978 .

[31]  Evripidis Lois,et al.  Lubrication Properties of Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuels in the Presence of Specific Types of Fatty Acid Derivatives , 2001 .

[32]  Chemical and kinetic insights into fuel lubricity loss of low-sulfur diesel upon the addition of multiple oxygenated compounds , 2020 .

[33]  V. Kolesnikov,et al.  Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of probable chemical reactions in the tribocontact zone and the effect of heavy pressure on evolution of adsorption processes , 2011 .

[34]  A. Ratner,et al.  Combustion characteristics of colloidal droplets of jet fuel and carbon based nanoparticles , 2017 .

[35]  Ahmed I. EL-Seesy,et al.  Investigation of the effect of adding graphene oxide, graphene nanoplatelet, and multiwalled carbon nanotube additives with n-butanol-Jatropha methyl ester on a diesel engine performance , 2019, Renewable Energy.

[36]  S. M. Sarathy,et al.  On the origins of lubricity and surface cleanliness in ethanol-diesel fuel blends , 2021 .

[37]  Evripidis Lois,et al.  Influence of aceto acetic esters and di-carboxylic acid esters on diesel fuel lubricity , 2001 .

[38]  Datong Song,et al.  Adsorption of lubricity improver additives on sliding surfaces , 2020 .

[39]  H. Spikes,et al.  The formation of zinc dithiophosphate antiwear films , 2004 .

[40]  K. Dearn,et al.  On the fundamental lubricity of 2,5-dimethylfuran as a synthetic engine fuel , 2012 .

[41]  J. Greenwood.  Constriction resistance and the real area of contact , 1966 .

[42]  Yves Berthier,et al.  Wear modeling and the third body concept , 2007 .

[43]  Seh Chun Lim,et al.  Overview no. 55 Wear-Mechanism maps , 1987 .

[44]  N. Singh,et al.  Effect of ZnO nanoparticles concentration as additives to the epoxidized Euphorbia Lathyris oil and their tribological characterization , 2021 .

[45]  Z. Stępień,et al.  Prediction of threats caused by high FAME diesel fuel blend stability for engine injector operation , 2016 .

[46]  Saeed Zeinali Heris,et al.  Experimental comparison between ZnO and MoS2 nanoparticles as additives on performance of diesel oil-based nano lubricant , 2020, Scientific Reports.

[47]  Hugh Spikes,et al.  The History and Mechanisms of ZDDP , 2004 .

[48]  Qin Zhang,et al.  Ethanol-diesel fuel blends -- a review. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[49]  Thomas J. Bruno,et al.  A perspective on the origin of lubricity in petroleum distillate motor fuels , 2015 .

[50]  S. Basu,et al.  Combustion and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid fuel droplets: A short review , 2016 .

[51]  K. Komai,et al.  Tribofilm formation and mild wear by tribo-sintering of nanometer-sized oxide particles on rubbing steel surfaces , 2007 .

[52]  M. A. Kalam,et al.  Effect of alcoholic and nano-particles additives on tribological properties of diesel–palm–sesame–biodiesel blends , 2020 .

[53]  Syed Nasimul Alam,et al.  Synthesis of Graphene Oxide (GO) by Modified Hummers Method and Its Thermal Reduction to Obtain Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) , 2017 .

[54]  W. Lu,et al.  Improved synthesis of graphene oxide. , 2010, ACS nano.