Short-Term Application of Chitosan Coated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca Alloy Bone Implants in Osteoporotic Fractures

With the rapid aging of the global population, osteoporosis seriously affects human life and health, and the most serious clinical manifestation is osteoporosis fracture. Therefore, biomedical workers have been investing a lot of research on biomedical materials in the treatment of osteoporotic fracture. The aim of this research is to assess the biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan-coated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloy as bone screws, and to explore the feasibility of the chitosan coated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloy in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures. In this study, the uncoated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloy screws and chitosan-coated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloy screws were implanted into the fracture sites of rats, respectively. Then the X-ray changes of the operation areas were observe that different times. The degradation behavior of bone screws was evaluated for by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectrum (EDS). The bio-safety of the Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr2Gd-1Ca alloy to rat liver and kidney tissues were determined by eosin staining, and the Mg and Ca ions levels in peripheral blood were measured. The postoperative vital signs were stable and no surgical complications were observed. X-ray images showed that both bare group and chitosan group had good fixation after surgery. Inflammatory exudation could be seen in all groups. However, SEM results showed the implants in chitosan group had less corrosion rate than that of in bare group with a complete structure. The main elements of degradation products in bare group and chitosan were Mg, O, Ca, and Zn as shown by EDS analysis. Histopathological and serological tests showed that there was no significant toxicity of chitosan coated bone nails on SD rats. Chitosan coated Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloy could not only effectively retard the degradation rate of Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-2Gd-1Ca alloys in rats but had good biocompatibility in rats, which was more favorable for fracture repair and suggested its possible clinical application.

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