A Load-Balance System Design of Microgrid Cluster Based on Hierarchical Petri Nets

In the new paradigm of urban microgrids, load-balancing control becomes essential to ensure the balance and quality of energy consumption. Thus, phase-load balance method becomes an alternative solution in the absence of distributed generation sources. Development of efficient and robust load-balancing control algorithms becomes useful for guaranteeing the load balance between phases and consumers, as well as to establish an automatic integration between the secondary grid and the supervisory center. This article presents a new phase-balancing control model based on hierarchical Petri nets (PNs) to encapsulate procedures and subroutines, and to verify the properties of a combined algorithm system, identifying the load imbalance in phases and improving the selection process of single-phase consumer units for switching, which is based on load-imbalance level and its future state of load consumption. A reliable flow of automated procedures is obtained, which effectively guarantees the load equalization in the low-voltage grid.