The NeurotroDhins BDNF, NT‐3 and NT‐4/5 Promote Survival and Morphological and Biochemical Differentiation of Striatal Neurons In Vitro

The neurotrophins, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), neurotrophin 4/5 (NT‐4/5) and nerve growth factor (NGF), were compared for their effects on the survival and differentiation of embryonic rat striatal neurons grown in low‐density cultures. Treatment with BDNF for 8 days resulted in a 40% increase in overall neuronal survival, a 3‐ to 5‐fold increase in the number of calbindin‐immunoreactive neurons, and an 80% increase in GABA‐positive neurons. Treatment with NT‐3 or NT‐4/5 produced a 2‐ to 3‐fold increase in the number of calbindin‐positive neurons and an increase in GABA‐positive cell number similar to that induced by BDNF. BDNF treatment produced a striking morphological differentiation of striatal GABAergic neurons, which was characterized by a doubling of the number of neurite branch points, the total area of arborization and the perikaryal area compared to control cultures. All three of these factors increased high‐affinity GABA uptake 2‐fold. NGF had no effect on any of the parameters examined. Our results show that BDNF, NT‐3 and NT‐4/5 promote the survival and/or differentiation of calbindin‐immunopositive and GABAergic striatal neurons.

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