Risk of peripheral artery disease according to race and sex: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

[1]  M. Makary,et al.  Race and socioeconomic differences associated with endovascular peripheral vascular interventions for newly diagnosed claudication. , 2020, Journal of vascular surgery.

[2]  J. Coresh,et al.  Lifetime Risk of Lower‐Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease Defined by Ankle‐Brachial Index in the United States , 2019, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[3]  A. Khera,et al.  2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2019, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[4]  Mark Woodward,et al.  Sex Differences in the Prevalence of, and Trends in, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Treatment, and Control in the United States, 2001 to 2016 , 2019, Circulation.

[5]  C. Moy,et al.  Sex and Race Differences in the Association of Incident Ischemic Stroke With Risk Factors , 2019, JAMA neurology.

[6]  L. Miller,et al.  Determinants of Long‐Term Outcomes and Costs in the Management of Critical Limb Ischemia: A Population‐Based Cohort Study , 2018, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[7]  C. Ayers,et al.  Association of sex and height with a lower ankle brachial index in the general population , 2018, Vascular medicine.

[8]  B. Abramson,et al.  Women and Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Review of Sex Differences in Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Outcomes. , 2018, The Canadian journal of cardiology.

[9]  Laxmi S. Mehta,et al.  Sex Differences in Ischemic Heart Disease: Advances, Obstacles, and Next Steps , 2018, Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes.

[10]  P. Wilson,et al.  Race and Socioeconomic Status Independently Affect Risk of Major Amputation in Peripheral Artery Disease , 2018, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[11]  R. Dreyer,et al.  Editor’s Choice-Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: A VIRGO study analysis , 2017, European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care.

[12]  J. Coresh,et al.  Socioeconomic Status and Incidence of Hospitalization With Lower‐Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study , 2017, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[13]  C. Kalbaugh,et al.  Peripheral Artery Disease Prevalence and Incidence Estimated From Both Outpatient and Inpatient Settings Among Medicare Fee‐for‐Service Beneficiaries in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study , 2017, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[14]  G. Lip,et al.  Ethnic differences in the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis , 2017, Expert review of cardiovascular therapy.

[15]  L. Fleisher,et al.  2016 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Patients With Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2017, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[16]  M. Sims,et al.  Life Course Socioeconomic Position and Subclinical Disease: The Jackson Heart Study. , 2016, Ethnicity & disease.

[17]  H. Feldman,et al.  Sex Differences in the Incidence of Peripheral Artery Disease in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort , 2016, Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes.

[18]  D. Sosnowska,et al.  Gender and racial differences in endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. , 2015, Journal of vascular surgery.

[19]  P. Romano,et al.  Racial disparities in outcomes of endovascular procedures for peripheral arterial disease: an evaluation of California hospitals, 2005-2009. , 2012, Annals of vascular surgery.

[20]  R. Sacco,et al.  Declining stroke incidence and improving survival in US communities: evidence for success and future challenges. , 2014, JAMA.

[21]  Katherine A. Gallagher,et al.  Impact of sex on morbidity and mortality rates after lower extremity interventions for peripheral arterial disease: observations from the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[22]  J. Barochiner,et al.  Challenges associated with peripheral arterial disease in women , 2014, Vascular health and risk management.

[23]  E. Chaikof,et al.  Presentation, treatment, and outcome differences between men and women undergoing revascularization or amputation for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. , 2014, Journal of vascular surgery.

[24]  T. Gill,et al.  Ankle Brachial Index Values, Leg Symptoms, and Functional Performance Among Community‐Dwelling Older Men and Women in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Study , 2013, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[25]  Igor Rudan,et al.  Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis , 2013, The Lancet.

[26]  Medicine,et al.  Calcified Atherosclerosis in Different Vascular Beds and the Risk of Mortality , 2012, Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.

[27]  G. Pratesi,et al.  Gender-related outcomes in the endovascular treatment of infrainguinal arterial obstructive disease. , 2012, Journal of vascular surgery.

[28]  M. Corriere,et al.  Gender-Based Analysis of Perioperative Outcomes Associated with Lower Extremity Bypass , 2011, The American surgeon.

[29]  T. Assimes,et al.  Sex differences in the prevalence of peripheral artery disease in patients undergoing coronary catheterization , 2010, Vascular medicine.

[30]  Y. Appelman,et al.  Gender differences in coronary heart disease , 2010, Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation.

[31]  P. Faries,et al.  Lessons learned from the analysis of gender effect on risk factors and procedural outcomes of lower extremity arterial disease. , 2010, Journal of vascular surgery.

[32]  Deepak L. Bhatt,et al.  Vascular Hospitalization Rates and Costs in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease in the United States , 2010, Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes.

[33]  D. Etzioni,et al.  Racial and ethnic differences in patterns of treatment for acute peripheral arterial disease in the United States, 1998-2006. , 2010, Journal of vascular surgery.

[34]  A. Moskowitz,et al.  Analysis of gender-related differences in lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. , 2010, Journal of vascular surgery.

[35]  V. Aboyans,et al.  Ethnicity and risk factors for change in the ankle-brachial index: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. , 2009, Journal of vascular surgery.

[36]  C. Schmid,et al.  A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. , 2009, Annals of internal medicine.

[37]  J. Zbilut,et al.  Women tolerate drug therapy for coronary artery disease as well as men do, but are treated less frequently with aspirin, beta-blockers, or statins. , 2008, Gender medicine.

[38]  T. Manolio,et al.  Intrinsic contribution of gender and ethnicity to normal ankle-brachial index values: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). , 2007, Journal of vascular surgery.

[39]  L. Chambless,et al.  Lower extremity arterial disease assessed by ankle-brachial index in a middle-aged population of African Americans and whites: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. , 2005, American journal of preventive medicine.

[40]  R. Langer,et al.  Ethnicity and Peripheral Arterial Disease: The San Diego Population Study , 2005, Circulation.

[41]  J. Polak,et al.  Risk factors for declining ankle-brachial index in men and women 65 years or older: the Cardiovascular Health Study. , 2005, Archives of internal medicine.

[42]  K. Lapane,et al.  Racial Disparities in Receipt of Secondary Stroke Prevention Agents Among US Nursing Home Residents , 2003, Stroke.

[43]  Mark A Hlatky,et al.  Differences in Medical Care and Disease Outcomes Among Black and White Women With Heart Disease , 2003, Circulation.

[44]  K. Matthews,et al.  Hypoestrogenemia of hypothalamic origin and coronary artery disease in premenopausal women: a report from the NHLBI-sponsored WISE study. , 2003, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[45]  C. Furberg,et al.  Sex bias and underutilization of lipid-lowering therapy in patients with coronary artery disease at academic medical centers in the United States and Canada. Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Vascular Effects of Norvasc Trial (PREVENT) Investigators. , 2000, Archives of internal medicine.

[46]  F Van de Werf,et al.  Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb Investigators. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[47]  Robert Gray,et al.  A Proportional Hazards Model for the Subdistribution of a Competing Risk , 1999 .

[48]  Daniel Levy,et al.  Lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease , 1999, The Lancet.

[49]  M. Nettleman,et al.  Predictors of survival and the role of gender in postoperative myocardial infarction. , 1997, The American journal of medicine.

[50]  R. Hamman,et al.  Effect of diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease. The San Luis Valley Diabetes Study. , 1995, Circulation.

[51]  J. Feinglass,et al.  Gender differences in interventional management of peripheral vascular disease: Evidence from a blood flow laboratory population , 1994, Annals of vascular surgery.

[52]  R. Neville,et al.  Race as a risk factor in the severity of infragenicular occlusive disease: study of an urban hospital patient population. , 1990, Journal of vascular surgery.

[53]  G. A. Rose.  The diagnosis of ischaemic heart pain and intermittent claudication in field surveys. , 1962, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.