Combustion power generation system capable of achieving staged utilization of flame

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion power generation, and aims to provide a combustion power generation system capable of achieving staged utilization of flame. The system comprises a burner, at least one group of photovoltaic cells and a cooler, wherein the burner is arranged in a combustion chamber of a boiler, the at least one group of photovoltaic cells are arranged around the burner in the combustion chamber and are connected with a photovoltaic cell matching part through a wire, the photovoltaic cell matching part is arranged outside the combustion chamber, and the cooler is arranged on the back sides of the photovoltaic cells and is connected with a medium circulation system through a pipeline. Compared with an existing combustion technique, an energy gradient utilization concept is reflected by staged utilization of the combustion power on the flame, and the power generation efficiency of an existing system can be remarkably improved by combination of the energy gradient utilization concept and the combustion system; different from a mode of absorbing energy released by combustion in a thermal form in the existing boiler power generation technology, photoelectric conversion is carried out on light energy which can be directly converted to electricity to be taken as a first step of energy conversion, and thermal energy recycle is taken as a second step of energy conversion; and through reasonable utilization on the energy, the waste of energy quality is prevented, and the thermal efficiency of the system is improved.