Nonlinear dynamics of current-modulated vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Abstract A numerical analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of weakly index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) subject to high-frequency current modulation is performed. Chaotic behavior appears in the multi-mode regime due to transverse-mode competition. Chaotic operation is such that multi-stability of the chaos–chaos type is observed. Injection of appropriate optical pulses can switch between different chaotic solutions. The analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of high-frequency current-modulated single-mode VCSELs indicates that the chaotic behavior is not present for the considered range of current modulation amplitudes and frequencies. Only periodic behaviors are observed in such a way that multi-stability of different periodic solutions is also observed. Switching between different stable periodic solutions can be obtained by injecting external optical pulses. Finally, we show that spontaneous emission noise increases the number of available channels in chaotic optical communication systems in which frequency division multiplexing with multi-transverse-mode VCSELs is used.

[1]  Guillermo Carpintero,et al.  Period tripling and chaos in the dynamic behavior of directly modulated diode lasers , 1998 .

[2]  Angel Valle,et al.  Selection and modulation of high-order transverse modes in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers , 1998 .

[3]  Kent D. Choquette,et al.  Comprehensive numerical modeling of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers , 1996 .

[4]  C. Caneau,et al.  Single-mode, passive antiguide vertical cavity surface emitting laser , 1995 .

[5]  B. E. Hammons,et al.  Leaky mode vertical-cavity lasers using cavity resonance modification , 1998 .

[6]  Jerome V Moloney,et al.  Multichannel communication using an infinite dimensional spatiotemporal chaotic system , 1999 .

[7]  Frequency spectra and waveguiding of a family of daisy modes in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers , 2000 .

[8]  V. Chizhevsky.  Coexisting attractors in a CO 2 laser with modulated losses , 2000 .

[9]  Glorieux,et al.  Chaos in a CO2 laser with modulated parameters: Experiments and numerical simulations. , 1987, Physical review. A, General physics.

[10]  I. White,et al.  Gigabit pulse position bistability in semiconductor lasers , 1987 .

[11]  Govind P. Agrawal,et al.  Semiconductor Lasers: Past, Present, and Future , 1996 .

[12]  Hitoshi Kawaguchi,et al.  Bistabilities and Nonlinearities in Laser Diodes , 1994 .

[13]  Jorge J. Rocca,et al.  Spatio-temporal dynamics in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers excited by fast electrical pulses , 1998 .

[14]  Yoh Ogawa,et al.  Bifurcation in 20-GHz gain-switched 1.55-/spl mu/m MQW lasers and its control by CW injection seeding , 1998 .

[15]  S. Yu.  Nonlinear dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers , 1999 .

[16]  W.V. Sorin,et al.  Measurement of Rayleigh backscattering at 1.55 mu m with 32 mu m spatial resolution , 1992, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[17]  A. Larsson,et al.  Transverse mode selection in large-area oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers using a shallow surface relief , 1999, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[18]  Daryoosh Vakhshoori,et al.  Top‐surface emitting lasers with 1.9 V threshold voltage and the effect of spatial hole burning on their transverse mode operation and efficiencies , 1993 .

[19]  S. A. Feld,et al.  Transverse-mode dynamics in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers excited by fast electrical pulses , 1996, Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics.

[20]  J. Danckaert,et al.  Polarization stabilization in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers through asymmetric current injection , 2000, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[21]  Perry Ping Shum,et al.  Performance of optical chaotic communication systems using multimode vertical cavity surface emitting lasers , 2001 .

[22]  Joanne Y. Law,et al.  Effects of transverse-mode competition on the injection dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers , 1997 .

[23]  K. A. Shore,et al.  Modeling of optical synchronization of chaotic external-cavity VCSELs , 1998 .

[24]  Stavros Iezekiel,et al.  Nonlinear dynamics in directly modulated multiple-quantum-well laser diodes , 1997 .

[25]  H. F. Liu,et al.  Nonlinear dynamics of a directly modulated 1.55 mu m InGaAsP distributed feedback semiconductor laser , 1993 .

[26]  K. A. Shore,et al.  Spatial holeburning effects on the dynamics of vertical cavity surface-emitting laser diodes , 1995 .

[27]  Chaotic dynamics of mode competition in a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser diode under DC excitation , 1994 .

[28]  K. Kojima,et al.  Transverse mode control of vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers , 1993, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[29]  G. Stewart.  Optical Waveguide Theory , 1983, Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications.

[30]  Chizhevsky Vn,et al.  Periodically loss-modulated CO2 laser as an optical amplitude and phase multitrigger. , 1994 .

[31]  Hai-feng Liu,et al.  Observation of period doubling, period tripling, and period quadrupling in a directly modulated 1.55 μm InGaAsP distributed feedback laser diode , 1993 .

[32]  C. R. Mirasso,et al.  Analysis of optical chaos synchronization in frequency-detuned external-cavity VCSELs , 1999 .

[33]  J. P. Harbison,et al.  Dynamic, polarization, and transverse mode characteristics of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers , 1991 .

[34]  F. Arecchi,et al.  Experimental evidence of subharmonic bifurcations, multistability, and turbulence in a Q-switched gas laser , 1982 .

[35]  Richard V. Penty,et al.  Complete polarisation control of GaAs gain-guided top-surface emitting vertical cavity lasers , 1997 .

[36]  Kenichi Iga,et al.  Polarization control of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers using a birefringent metal/dielectric polarizer loaded on top distributed Bragg reflector , 1995 .

[37]  Transverse modes under external feedback and fiber coupling efficiencies of VCSEL's , 1998, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[38]  Larry A. Coldren,et al.  Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers , 2001 .