Boilers Optimal Control for Maximum Load Change Rate

In many cogeneration systems, one or more boilers are used in hot standby to meet the plant demand of steam in case of failure or upset in the cogeneration unit. Such boilers need to quickly respond to sudden and large steam load changes. However, fast changes in the firing rate cause transient changes in both the drum-boiler steam pressure and drum level, in addition to the potential of developing of thermal stresses in the walls of steam risers. A genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization scheme is proposed for tuning the conventional boiler control loops to maximize the ability of the boiler to respond to large steam demand while keeping the fluctuations in pressure, drum level, and feed rate within acceptable operation limits. A nonlinear model for an actual boiler is first built, validated, and then, it is used to demonstrate the performance of the boiler with the proposed control loop optimization.

[1]  Xu Zhiqiang,et al.  Nonlinear coordinated control of drum boiler power unit based on feedback linearization , 2005 .

[2]  Mohamed A. Habib,et al.  Influence of Boiler Load Swing Rates on Response of Drum Water Level , 2013 .

[3]  Wen Tan,et al.  Multivariable robust controller design for a boiler system , 2002, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[4]  Sangmin Choi,et al.  A model on water level dynamics in natural circulation drum-type boilers , 2005 .

[5]  F. P. de Mello,et al.  Boiler models for system dynamic performance studies , 1991 .

[6]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  Drum-boiler dynamics , 2000, Autom..

[7]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  A Fourth Order Non-Linear Model for Drum-Boiler Dynamics , 1996 .

[8]  Manfred Rode,et al.  On-line Optimization of Drum Boiler Startup , 2003 .

[9]  Kwang Y. Lee,et al.  Boiler-turbine control system design using a genetic algorithm , 1995 .

[10]  Ping Yang,et al.  Neural networks internal model control for water level of boiler drum in power station , 2004, Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (IEEE Cat. No.04EX826).

[11]  Yang Dong, Chen Tingkuan.  HGSSP?A Computer Program for Simulation of Once-through Boiler Start-up Behavior , 2001 .

[12]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  Simple Drum-Boiler Models , 1988 .

[13]  Joseph Bentsman,et al.  Nonlinear control oriented boiler modeling-a benchmark problem for controller design , 1996, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[14]  Melanie Mitchell,et al.  An introduction to genetic algorithms , 1996 .

[15]  N. W. Rees,et al.  THE USE OF THE ÅSTRÖM-BELL MODEL FOR THE DESIGN OF DRUM LEVEL CONTROLLERS IN POWER PLANT BOILERS , 2005 .

[16]  V. Selladurai,et al.  Modeling and Optimization of Unburned Carbon in Coal-Fired Boiler Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm , 2013 .

[17]  Yonghong Huang,et al.  Genetic Adaptive Control for Drum Level of a Power Plant Boiler , 2006, The Proceedings of the Multiconference on "Computational Engineering in Systems Applications".

[18]  Karl Eklund,et al.  A Simplified Nonlinear Model of a Drum Boiler-Turbine Unit , 1972 .

[19]  Tom Søndergaard Pedersen,et al.  Process-optimizing multivariable control of a boiler system , 1996 .

[20]  Mark O'Malley,et al.  A drum boiler model for long term power system dynamic simulation , 1999 .

[21]  Moustafa Elshafei,et al.  Influence of Boiler Load Swing Rates on Effective Stresses of Drum Boiler Riser Tubes , 2010 .

[22]  Louay M. Chamra,et al.  Supervisory Feed-Forward Control for Real-Time Topping Cycle CHP Operation , 2010 .

[23]  B. Erik Ydstie,et al.  Passivity based control of drum boiler , 2009, 2009 American Control Conference.

[24]  Ming Su,et al.  Application of adaptive Grey predictor based algorithm to boiler drum level control , 2006 .

[25]  Wei Wang,et al.  Intelligence-based hybrid control for power plant boiler , 2002, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[26]  Kai-Pong Cheung,et al.  Comparison of fuzzy and PI controllers for a benchmark drum-boiler model , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (Cat. No.98CH36104).

[27]  Chunjiang Qian,et al.  Model development, state estimation, and controller design of a nonlinear utility boiler system , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology.

[28]  Bin Li,et al.  DBSSP––A computer program for simulation of controlled circulation boiler and natural circulation boiler start up behavior , 2005 .

[29]  Rüdiger Franke,et al.  Optimization of boiler start-up using a nonlinear boiler model and hard constraints , 2004 .

[30]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[31]  C. M. Cheng,et al.  Hierarchical and heuristical fuzzy model based control of drum-boiler power plant , 1997, Proceedings of 6th International Fuzzy Systems Conference.

[32]  S. Gowreesh,et al.  Experimental Investigation of Boiler Pressure Behavior in Closed-Open-Closed System , 2011 .