Using Heterogeneous Data of Multi Frequency Astronomy for Testing Physical Models of GRB Emission

We discuss the problem of data heterogeneity in the search and analysis of inhomogeneities in the light curves of gamma-ray bursts afterglow. We use well-sampled optical and X-ray light curves to find and identify deviations (inhomogeneities) from smooth power law decay of the light curve. We show, in particular that the duration of the inhomogeneities correlates with their peak time (relative to gamma-ray burst trigger) and the correlation is the same for all types of inhomogeneities. The study of inhomogeneities can give us the opportunity to understand the physics of the "central machine" of gamma-ray bursts, which is still far from understanding.

[1]  Z. Dai,et al.  Statistical Distributions of Optical Flares from Gamma-Ray Bursts , 2017, 1706.08716.

[2]  Bing Zhang,et al.  Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Preprint typeset using L ATEX style emulateapj GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH CONTINUOUS ENERGY INJECTION AND THEIR AFTERGLOW SIGNATURE , 2001 .

[3]  E. O. Ofek,et al.  THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,???:??1–??7, 2004 MONTH, ASTRO-PH/0312594 Preprint typeset using L ATEX style emulateapj v. 4/9/03 THE DETAILED OPTICAL LIGHT CURVE OF GRB 030329 , 2004 .

[4]  S. Covino,et al.  The afterglow of GRB 021004: surfing on density waves , 2002, astro-ph/0210333.

[5]  R. Poggiani Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger , 2019, Proceedings of Frontier Research in Astrophysics – III — PoS(FRAPWS2018).

[6]  P. Minaev,et al.  Inhomogeneities in the light curves of gamma-ray bursts afterglow , 2018, International Journal of Modern Physics D.

[7]  B. Ramsey,et al.  IBIS: The Imager on-board INTEGRAL , 2003 .

[8]  M. Pasquale,et al.  GAMMA-RAY BURST FLARES: ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL FLARING. I. , 2013 .

[9]  V. Kouprianov,et al.  GAMMA-RAY BURST OBSERVATIONS WITH ISON NETWORK , 2013, Gamma-ray Bursts: 15 Years of GRB Afterglows.

[10]  L. A. Antonelli,et al.  Evidence for a late-time outburst of the X-ray afterglow of GB970508 from BeppoSAX , 1997, astro-ph/9710355.

[11]  T. Q. Donaghy,et al.  A Unified Jet Model of X-Ray Flashes, X-Ray-rich Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Gamma-Ray Bursts. I. Power-Law-shaped Universal and Top-Hat-shaped Variable Opening Angle Jet Models , 2003, astro-ph/0312634.

[12]  T. Krühler Optical and near-infrared flares in GRB afterglows , 2011, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union.

[13]  J. Chiang,et al.  THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE MISSION , 2009, 0902.1089.

[14]  Georg Weidenspointner,et al.  SPI: The spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL , 2003 .

[15]  P. A. Jensen,et al.  JEM-X: The X-ray monitor aboard INTEGRAL ? , 2003 .

[16]  R. L. Aptekar,et al.  Konus-W gamma-ray burst experiment for the GGS Wind spacecraft , 1995 .

[17]  Z. Dai,et al.  GRB 030226 in a Density-Jump Medium , 2003, astro-ph/0305426.

[18]  Alan A. Wells,et al.  The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission , 2004, astro-ph/0405233.

[19]  The spatial distribution of gamma‐ray bursts observed by BATSE , 1993 .

[20]  Roland Diehl,et al.  THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR , 2009, 0908.0450.

[21]  Merate,et al.  Late evolution of the X-ray afterglow of GRB 030329 , 2004, astro-ph/0402644.

[22]  J. Kim,et al.  RELEC mission: Relativistic electron precipitation and TLE study on-board small spacecraft , 2016 .

[23]  P. Soffitta,et al.  Optical and Radio Observations of the Afterglow from GRB 990510: Evidence for a Jet , 1999 .

[24]  A. Castro-Tirado,et al.  Transition from fireball to Poynting-flux-dominated outflow in the three-episode GRB 160625B , 2016, Nature Astronomy.

[25]  William W. Zhang,et al.  THE NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPIC TELESCOPE ARRAY (NuSTAR) HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY MISSION , 2013, Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation.

[26]  M. Feroci,et al.  Probing the environment in gamma-ray bursts : The case of an X-ray precursor, afterglow late onset, and wind versus constant density profile in GRB 011121 and GRB 011211 , 2004 .

[27]  M. Kippen,et al.  INTEGRAL spectrometer SPI’s GRB detection capabilities : GRBs detected inside SPI’s FoV and with the anticoincidence system ACS , 2003, astro-ph/0308346.

[28]  S. Golenetskii,et al.  GRB 070912—A gamma-ray burst recorded from the direction to the galactic center , 2012 .

[29]  J. Brown,et al.  Nonsolar astronomy with the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) , 2003, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation.

[30]  M. Bessell Standard Photometric Systems , 2005 .