Is there a risk of sensitization and allergy to chlorhexidine in health care workers?

Background:  In Denmark, chlorhexidine is the standard disinfectant in most hospitals and health care workers are repeatedly exposed to it. The aim of this study was to establish whether there is a risk of sensitization and allergy to chlorhexidine from this type of exposure.

[1]  S. Ford,et al.  Allergy to chlorhexidine-coated central venous catheters revisited. , 2002, British journal of anaesthesia.

[2]  Lockhart As,et al.  Anaphylactic reactions due to chlorhexidine allergy. , 2001 .

[3]  T. Menné,et al.  Danish Anaesthesia Allergy Centre – preliminary results , 2001, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[4]  B. Husum,et al.  Anaphylactic reactions in anaesthetised patients – four cases of chlorhexidine allergy , 2001, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[5]  R. Puy,et al.  Chlorhexidine anaphylaxis: a case report and review of the literature , 2001, Internal medicine journal.

[6]  M. Mythen,et al.  Two episodes of life-threatening anaphylaxis in the same patient to a chlorhexidine-sulphadiazine-coated central venous catheter. , 2001, British journal of anaesthesia.

[7]  L. Kanerva,et al.  Colophonium in sanitary pads , 2001, Contact dermatitis.

[8]  A. Lauerma Simultaneous immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine digluconate , 2001, Contact dermatitis.

[9]  C. Chu,et al.  Allergic contact dermatitis from triethanolamine in a sunscreen , 2001, Contact dermatitis.

[10]  C. Harle,et al.  Anaphylactic reactions due to chlorhexidine allergy. , 2001, British journal of anaesthesia.

[11]  O. Bayrou,et al.  Anaphylactic shock after application of chlorhexidine to unbroken skin , 1999, Contact dermatitis.

[12]  G. Stables,et al.  Generalized urticaria after skin cleansing and urethral instillation with chlorhexidine-containing products. , 1998, British journal of urology.

[13]  S. Dohi,et al.  Severe anaphylactic reaction due to a chlorhexidine-impregnated central venous catheter. , 1998, Anesthesiology.

[14]  P. Thune [Two patients with chlorhexidine allergy--anaphylactic reactions and eczema]. , 1998, Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke.

[15]  J. Hamasaki,et al.  Anaphylactic Shock Induced by an Antiseptic-coated Central Nervous Catheter , 1997 .

[16]  B. Wüthrich,et al.  Life‐threatening anaphylactic shock due to skin application of Chlorhexidine , 1996, Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

[17]  V. Lapomarda,et al.  Occupational hand dermatitis in hospital environments , 1995, Contact dermatitis.

[18]  A. Bircher,et al.  Frequency of sensitization to 13 common preservatives in Switzerland * , 1994, Contact dermatitis.

[19]  H. Rasmussen,et al.  [Incidence of hand eczema after surgical washing and use of surgical gloves]. , 1993, Ugeskrift for laeger.

[20]  R. Evans Acute anaphylaxis due to topical chlorhexidine acetate. , 1992, BMJ.

[21]  B. Knudsen,et al.  Chlorhexidine gluconate and acetate in patch testing , 1991, Contact dermatitis.

[22]  N. Reynolds,et al.  Allergic contact dermatitis from chlorhexidine diacetate in a skin swab , 1990, Contact dermatitis.

[23]  C. Goh Contact sensitivity to topical antimicrobials , 1989, Contact dermatitis.

[24]  D. Stanworth,et al.  The incidence of IgE and IgG antibodies to chlorhexidine , 1989, Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

[25]  E. Rudzki,et al.  Patch tests with occupational contactants in nurses, doctors and dentists , 1989, Contact dermatitis.

[26]  C. Goh Contact sensitivity to topical antimicrobials , 1989 .

[27]  C. Goh Contact sensitivity to topical antimicrobials (I). Epidemiology in Singapore. , 1989, Contact dermatitis.

[28]  A Bergqvist-Karlsson,et al.  Delayed and immediate‐type hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine , 1988, Contact dermatitis.

[29]  K. Andersen,et al.  [Contact allergy to chlorhexidine]. , 1987, Ugeskrift for læger.

[30]  K. Tadokoro,et al.  IgE antibody‐mediated shock reaction caused by topical application of chlorhexidine , 1986, Clinical allergy.

[31]  Eskil Nilsson Contact sensitivity and urticaria in “wet” work , 1985, Contact dermatitis.

[32]  N. Hjorth,et al.  Contact sensitivity to chlorhexidine? , 1985, Contact dermatitis.

[33]  A. Shoji Contact dermatitis from chlorhexidine , 1983, Contact dermatitis.

[34]  P. Aggett,et al.  Percutaneous absorption of chlorhexidine in neonatal cord care. , 1981, Archives of disease in childhood.

[35]  J. Mcainsh,et al.  Absorption of chlorhexidine from the intact skin of newborn infants. , 1979, Archives of disease in childhood.