Technical Note: Loss-of-load probability of stand-alone solar photovoltaic system

In this technical note, a general method has been given to determine the loss-of-load probability (LOLP) of a stand-alone photovoltaic system as a function of normalised PV array output and energy availability at battery. The energy availability at the battery has been determined by using the solar radiation utilisability concept. To determine the LOLP, the PV array output is required, which is a function of climatic conditions and also the energy availability at the battery, to find the accumulative time in which the battery charge level is less than the permissible one. The stand-alone PV system is more reliable with the optimum PV array and battery capacity.