Design of lattice structures with controlled anisotropy

Recent advances in additive manufacturing make it possible to fabricate periodic lattice structures with complex configurations. However, a proper design strategy to achieve lattice structures with controlled anisotropy is still unavailable. There is an urgent need to fill this knowledge gap in order to develop mechanical metamaterials with prescribed properties. Here we propose two different methodologies to design lattice structures with controlled anisotropy. As examples, we created two new families of lattice structures with isotropic elasticity and cubic symmetric geometry. The findings of this work provide simple and effective strategies for exploring lightweight metamaterials with desired mechanical properties.

[1]  Vikram Deshpande,et al.  Concepts for enhanced energy absorption using hollow micro-lattices , 2010 .

[2]  S M Giannitelli,et al.  Current trends in the design of scaffolds for computer-aided tissue engineering. , 2014, Acta biomaterialia.

[3]  L. Valdevit,et al.  Ultralight Metallic Microlattices , 2011, Science.

[4]  Shivakumar Raman,et al.  Mechanical evaluation of porous titanium (Ti6Al4V) structures with electron beam melting (EBM). , 2010, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials.

[5]  Howon Lee,et al.  Ultralight, ultrastiff mechanical metamaterials , 2014, Science.

[6]  David G. Mann,et al.  Diatoms: Biology and Morphology of the Genera , 1990 .

[7]  Ming-Chuan Leu,et al.  Additive manufacturing: technology, applications and research needs , 2013, Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering.

[8]  K. Chawla,et al.  Mechanical Behavior of Materials , 1998 .

[9]  Shiwei Zhou,et al.  Designing orthotropic materials for negative or zero compressibility , 2014 .

[10]  Y. Xie,et al.  Design of 3D orthotropic materials with prescribed ratios for effective Young's moduli , 2013 .

[11]  Anthony Atala,et al.  3D bioprinting of tissues and organs , 2014, Nature Biotechnology.

[12]  David W. Rosen,et al.  Additive Manufacturing Technologies: Rapid Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing , 2009 .

[13]  Yi Min Xie,et al.  Evolutionary Structural Optimization , 1997 .

[14]  R. Singer,et al.  Cellular Ti-6Al-4V structures with interconnected macro porosity for bone implants fabricated by selective electron beam melting. , 2008, Acta biomaterialia.

[15]  M. Durand,et al.  Stiffest elastic networks , 2008, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[16]  Yi Min Xie,et al.  Evolutionary Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures: Methods and Applications , 2010 .

[17]  Kriskrai Sitthiseripratip,et al.  Scaffold Library for Tissue Engineering: A Geometric Evaluation , 2012, Comput. Math. Methods Medicine.

[18]  Grant P. Steven,et al.  Behavior of 3D orthogonal woven CFRP composites. Part II. FEA and analytical modeling approaches , 2000 .

[19]  H. Wadley.  Multifunctional periodic cellular metals , 2006, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[20]  J. Greer,et al.  Strong, lightweight, and recoverable three-dimensional ceramic nanolattices , 2014, Science.

[21]  Pascal Laugier,et al.  Accurate measurement of cortical bone elasticity tensor with resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. , 2013, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials.

[22]  D. Hutmacher,et al.  Scaffolds in tissue engineering bone and cartilage. , 2000, Biomaterials.

[23]  D. Kaplan,et al.  Porosity of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and osteogenesis. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[24]  J. Nye.  Physical Properties of Crystals: Their Representation by Tensors and Matrices , 1957 .

[25]  S. Ahmadia,et al.  Mechanical behavior of regular open-cell porous biomaterials made of diamond lattice unit cells , 2014 .

[26]  M. Wolcott.  Cellular solids: Structure and properties , 1990 .

[27]  Jan Wieding,et al.  Numerical optimization of open-porous bone scaffold structures to match the elastic properties of human cortical bone. , 2014, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials.

[28]  J. Grotowski,et al.  Prototypes for Bone Implant Scaffolds Designed via Topology Optimization and Manufactured by Solid Freeform Fabrication , 2010 .

[29]  Y. Xie,et al.  PREDICTING THE EFFECTIVE STIFFNESS OF CELLULAR AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH SELF-SIMILAR HIERARCHICAL MICROSTRUCTURES , 2013 .

[30]  Chang Liu,et al.  Advanced Materials for Energy Storage , 2010, Advanced materials.

[31]  M. Ashby,et al.  Cellular solids: Structure & properties , 1988 .

[32]  André Luiz Jardini,et al.  Microstructure and mechanical behavior of porous Ti-6Al-4V parts obtained by selective laser melting. , 2013, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials.

[33]  J. Pickett-Heaps.  Handbook of Biomineralization Biological Aspects and Structure Formation , 2008 .

[34]  Grant P. Steven,et al.  Homogenization of multicomponent composite orthotropic materials using fea , 1997 .

[35]  L. Murr,et al.  Next-generation biomedical implants using additive manufacturing of complex, cellular and functional mesh arrays , 2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.