Adolescents' attachment representations and moral reasoning.

Theoretical speculations and empirical data on the relation between attachment and moral reasoning are presented. An autonomous attachment representation was hypothesized to be an important personality dimension facilitating higher levels of moral (Type B) reasoning in adolescence. A sample of 47 U.S. college students (mean age 19.5 years) completed the Adult Attachment Interview (Main & Goldwyn, 1985-1993) and the Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form (Gibbs, Basinger, & Fuller, 1992). Although the overall score for sociomoral reflection was not associated with attachment representation, moral Type B reasoning was more prevalent in respondents with an autonomous attachment representation; thus, autonomous attachment may be at the core of mature moral reasoning.

[1]  M. Bakermans-Kranenburg,et al.  Attachment representations in mothers, fathers, adolescents, and clinical groups: a meta-analytic search for normative data. , 1996, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[2]  Adriana G. Bus,et al.  Attachment, Intelligence, and Language: A Meta-analysis+ , 1995 .

[3]  D. Rosenstein,et al.  Working Models of Attachment in Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents: Relation to Psychopathology and Personality. , 1993 .

[4]  J. Gibbs,et al.  Social Perspective Taking and Moral Judgment among College Students , 1993 .

[5]  J. Gibbs,et al.  Moral Maturity: Measuring the Development of Sociomoral Reflection , 1991 .

[6]  S. Feldman,et al.  Mothers' internal models of relationships and children's behavioral and developmental status: a study of mother-child interaction. , 1988, Child development.

[7]  S. Powers Moral Judgement Development Within the Family , 1988 .

[8]  Pieter M. Kroonenberg,et al.  Cross-cultural patterns of attachment: A meta-analysis of the strange situation. , 1988 .

[9]  R. Kobak,et al.  Attachment in late adolescence: working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others. , 1988, Child development.

[10]  J. Cassidy Child-mother attachment and the self in six-year-olds. , 1988, Child development.

[11]  B. Egeland,et al.  Infant-mother attachment: factors related to its development and changes over time. , 1984, Child development.

[12]  B. Parikh Development of Moral Judgment and Its Relation to Family Environmental Factors in Indian and American Families. , 1980 .

[13]  L. Kohlberg,et al.  Family Patterns of Moral Reasoning. , 1976 .

[14]  G. W. Rever Attachment and Loss. Vol. 1. Attachment , 1972 .

[15]  R. Hogan,et al.  Infant obedience and maternal behavior: the origins of socialization reconsidered. , 1971, Child development.

[16]  R. Selman,et al.  The relation of role taking to the development of moral judgment in children. , 1971, Child development.

[17]  J. Bowlby Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect. , 1969, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[18]  M. Main,et al.  Unresolved/Unclassifiable responses to the Adult Attachment Interview : Predictable from Unresolved States and Anomalous Beliefs in the Berkeley-Leiden Adult Attachment Questionnaire , 1993 .

[19]  M. Boyes,et al.  Styles of Parent-Child Interaction and Moral Reasoning in Adolescence. , 1993 .

[20]  M. Bakermans-Kranenburg,et al.  A Psychometric Study of the Adult Attachment Interview : Reliability and Discriminant Validity , 1993 .

[21]  L. Sroufe The role of infant-caregiver attachment in development. , 1988 .

[22]  R. Emde,et al.  The do's and don'ts of early moral development: Psychoanalytic tradition and current research. , 1987 .

[23]  I. Bretherton,et al.  Attachment theory: Retrospect and prospect. , 1985 .

[24]  Jude Cassidy,et al.  Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthood: A move to the level of representation. , 1985 .

[25]  Anne Colby,et al.  A Longitudinal Study of Moral Judgment. , 1983 .

[26]  L. A. Kurdek,et al.  Perspective Taking as the Cognitive Basis of Children's Moral Development: A Review of the Literature. , 1978 .

[27]  M. Ainsworth,et al.  Origins of the Sense of Security. (Book Reviews: Patterns of Attachment. A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation) , 1978 .

[28]  L. Kohlberg Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization , 1969 .

[29]  M. Hoffman,et al.  Parent discipline and the child's moral development. , 1967, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[30]  John Bowlby,et al.  Forty-four juvenile thieves: their characters and home-life. , 1944 .