Traffic shaping for an FPGA based SDRAM controller with complex QoS requirements

Today high-end video and multimedia processing applications require huge amounts of memory. For cost reasons, the usage of conventional dynamic RAM (SDRAM) is preferred. However, SDRAM access optimization is a complex task, especially if multi-stream access with different QoS requirements is involved. In (Heithecker et al., 2003), a multi-stream DDR-SDRAM controller IP covering combinations of low latency requirements for processor cache access, hard real-time constraints for periodic video signals and hard real-time bursty accesses for video coprocessors was described. To handle these contradictory QoS requirements at high system performance, a combination of a 2-stage scheduling algorithm and static priorities were used. This paper describes an additional flow control which enhances the overall performance. Experiments with an FPGA based high-end video platform demonstrate the superiority of this architecture.

[1]  W. Tindell AN EXTENDIBLE APPROACH FOR ANALYSING FIXED PRIORITY HARD REAL-TIME TASKS , 1994 .

[2]  William J. Dally,et al.  Evaluating the Imagine stream architecture , 2004, Proceedings. 31st Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, 2004..

[3]  Alan Burns,et al.  An extendible approach for analyzing fixed priority hard real-time tasks , 1994, Real-Time Systems.

[4]  Nikil D. Dutt,et al.  Processor-memory co-exploration driven by a Memory-Aware Architecture Description Language , 2001, VLSI Design 2001. Fourteenth International Conference on VLSI Design.

[5]  Liang-Gee Chen,et al.  An efficient architecture for two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform , 2001, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol..

[6]  Emile H. L. Aarts,et al.  Multidimensional Periodic Scheduling Model and Complexity , 1996, Euro-Par, Vol. II.

[7]  William J. Dally,et al.  Memory access scheduling , 2000, Proceedings of 27th International Symposium on Computer Architecture (IEEE Cat. No.RS00201).

[8]  William J. Dally,et al.  Imagine: Media Processing with Streams , 2001, IEEE Micro.

[9]  Erik Brockmeyer,et al.  Data and memory optimization techniques for embedded systems , 2001, TODE.

[10]  R. Ernst,et al.  A mixed QoS SDRAM controller for FPGA-based high-end image processing , 2003, 2003 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8682).

[11]  Jochen A. G. Jess,et al.  PROPHID: a heterogeneous multi-processor architecture for multimedia , 1997, Proceedings International Conference on Computer Design VLSI in Computers and Processors.

[12]  Miodrag Potkonjak,et al.  MediaBench: a tool for evaluating and synthesizing multimedia and communications systems , 1997, Proceedings of 30th Annual International Symposium on Microarchitecture.