American Atrocities in the Philippines: The Indictment and the Response

THE PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN WAR was thirty-nine months old when on May 22, 1902, George Frisbie Hoar, Republican senator from Massachusetts, rose to address the U.S. Senate. His three-hour speech bore the awkward title, "The Attempt to Subjugate a People striving for Freedom, Not the American Soldier, Responsible for Cruelties in the Philippine Islands." The man and the speech typified the confused response of a dissenting minority of Americans who were convinced that their army was guilty of arson, pillage, and torture in the Philippines but who were reluctant to castigate the uniformed soldier. It was the imperialists in Washington whom Hoar wished to indict with his bill of particulars: