Acute fasting diminishes the circadian rhythm of biochemical markers of bone resorption.

OBJECTIVE Biochemical markers of bone turnover exhibit circadian rhythms with the peak during the night/early morning and the nadir in the late afternoon. The nocturnal increase in bone resorption could theoretically be caused by the absence of food consumption which brings about a decrease in net calcium absorption and an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH), followed by increased bone resorption in response to the body's demand for calcium. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of a 33-h fast on the circadian variation in biochemical markers of bone turnover. DESIGN Eleven healthy premenopausal women (age: 24+/-5 years) participated in a randomised, cross-over study consisting of two periods: either 33h of fasting (fasting) followed 1 week later by a 33-h period with regular meals eaten at 0800-0830h, 1130-1230h and 1800-1900h (control) or vice versa. METHODS Urinary CrossLaps (U-CL/Cr) corrected with creatinine, as a marker of bone resorption; serum osteocalcin (sOC) as a marker of bone formation; serum intact PTH (iPTH); serum phosphate; and serum calcium corrected with albumin. RESULTS Both the fasting and the control periods showed a significant circadian rhythm in U-CL/Cr (P<0.001), but the decrease was significantly less pronounced in the morning hours during the fasting period. Fasting resulted in a significant decrease in serum iPTH (throughout the study period) as compared with the control period (P<0.05-0.001). No change was observed in sOC by fasting. CONCLUSION Food consumption has a small influence on the circadian variation in bone resorption, independent of PTH. The fall in iPTH during fasting may be secondary to an increased bone resorption produced by fasting.

[1]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Circadian variation in bone resorption is not related to serum cortisol. , 1997, Bone.

[2]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Morning or evening administration of nasal calcitonin? Effects on biochemical markers of bone turnover. , 1997, Bone.

[3]  A. Klibanski,et al.  Decreased bone formation and increased mineral dissolution during acute fasting in young women. , 1995, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[4]  M. Burritt,et al.  Role of parathyroid hormone in mediating nocturnal and age-related increases in bone resorption. , 1995, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[5]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Measurement of a more stable region of osteocalcin in serum by ELISA with two monoclonal antibodies. , 1995, Clinical chemistry.

[6]  H. Fleisch,et al.  The diurnal rhythm of bone resorption in the rat. Effect of feeding habits and pharmacological inhibitors. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[7]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Posture, age, menopause, and osteopenia do not influence the circadian variation in the urinary excretion of pyridinium crosslinks , 1994, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[8]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Immunoassay for quantifying type I collagen degradation products in urine evaluated. , 1994, Clinical chemistry.

[9]  R. Eastell,et al.  The effect of calcium supplementation on the circadian rhythm of bone resorption. , 1994, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[10]  W. Fraser,et al.  Alteration of the circadian rhythm of intact parathyroid hormone following a 96‐hour fast , 1994, Clinical endocrinology.

[11]  M. Burritt,et al.  Skeletal responsiveness to endogenous parathyroid hormone in postmenopausal osteoporosis. , 1992, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[12]  J. Risteli,et al.  Diurnal variation in serum markers of type I collagen synthesis and degradation in healthy premenopausal women , 1992, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[13]  M. Burritt,et al.  Nyctohemeral changes in bone turnover assessed by serum bone Gla-protein concentration and urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion: effects of growth and ageing. , 1992, Clinical science.

[14]  D. Wallace,et al.  Sleep shift dissociates the nocturnal peaks of parathyroid hormone (1-84), nephrogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and prolactin in normal men. , 1992, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[15]  L. Mosekilde,et al.  Inhibition of the morning cortisol peak abolishes the expected morning decrease in serum osteocalcin in normal males: evidence of a controlling effect of serum cortisol on the circadian rhythm in serum osteocalcin. , 1992, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[16]  D. Bushinsky,et al.  Acidosis inhibits osteoblastic and stimulates osteoclastic activity in vitro. , 1992, The American journal of physiology.

[17]  C. Christiansen,et al.  Marked diurnal variation in urinary excretion of pyridinium cross-links in premenopausal women. , 1992, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[18]  M. Burritt,et al.  Abnormalities in circadian patterns of bone resorption and renal calcium conservation in type I osteoporosis. , 1992, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[19]  D. Bushinsky,et al.  Alteration in surface ion composition of cultured bone during metabolic, but not respiratory, acidosis. , 1991, The American journal of physiology.

[20]  G. Beastall,et al.  THE LOSS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM FOR INTACT PARATHYROID HORMONE AND NEPHROGENOUS CYCLIC AMP IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM , 1990, Clinical endocrinology.

[21]  S Senn,et al.  Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. , 1990, BMJ.

[22]  D. Bushinsky,et al.  Net calcium efflux from live bone during chronic metabolic, but not respiratory, acidosis. , 1989, The American journal of physiology.

[23]  L. Mosekilde,et al.  The effect of single oral doses of prednisone on the circadian rhythm of serum osteocalcin in normal subjects. , 1988, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[24]  D. Bushinsky,et al.  Effects of pH on bone calcium and proton fluxes in vitro. , 1983, The American journal of physiology.

[25]  V. Brodan,et al.  Simultaneous correction of Ca deficiency and acidosis in fasting obese patients as a prevention of bone demineralisation. , 1979, Nutrition and metabolism.