2017 AHA/ACC Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Cli American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee i in February 2017. The American College of Cardiology requests that this document be cited a Fleisher LA, Jneid H, Mack MJ, McLeod CJ, O’Gara PT, Rigolin VH, Sundt TM guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a repo Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;70:252–89. This article has been copublished in Circulation. Copies: This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the Association (professional.heart.org). For copies of this document, please c (reprints@elsevier.com). Permissions: Multiple copies, modification, alteration, enhancement, and permission of the American College of Cardiology. Requests may be compl author-agreement/obtaining-permission). Vera H. Rigolin, MD, FACC{ Thoralf M. Sundt III, MD, FACC*# Annemarie Thompson, MD**

[1]  B. Prendergast.  Faculty of 1000 evaluation for 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2018 .

[2]  S. Clemenceau,et al.  Surgical technique , 2018, Neurophysiologie Clinique.

[3]  C. Terkelsen,et al.  Transcatheter Aortic Valve Thrombosis: Incidence, Predisposing Factors, and Clinical Implications. , 2016, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[4]  G. Guyatt,et al.  Prognosis after surgical replacement with a bioprosthetic aortic valve in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis: systematic review of observational studies , 2016, British Medical Journal.

[5]  G. Guyatt,et al.  Transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement for patients with severe, symptomatic, aortic stenosis at low to intermediate surgical risk: a clinical practice guideline , 2016, British Medical Journal.

[6]  G. Guyatt,et al.  Transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis at low and intermediate risk: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2016, British Medical Journal.

[7]  A. Franco‐Cereceda,et al.  Aortic valve replacement with mechanical vs. biological prostheses in patients aged 50-69 years. , 2016, European heart journal.

[8]  G. Guyatt,et al.  Patient values and preferences on transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement therapy for aortic stenosis: a systematic review , 2016, BMJ Open.

[9]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Comparison of Dabigatran and Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease: The RE-LY Trial (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy). , 2016, Circulation.

[10]  W. Liu,et al.  Infective Endocarditis Hospitalizations Before and After the 2007 American Heart Association Prophylaxis Guidelines. , 2016, The Canadian journal of cardiology.

[11]  J. Leipsic,et al.  Early hypo-attenuated leaflet thickening in balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic heart valves. , 2016, European heart journal.

[12]  H. Lee,et al.  Added value of cardiac computed tomography for evaluation of mechanical aortic valve: Emphasis on evaluation of pannus with surgical findings as standard reference. , 2016, International journal of cardiology.

[13]  G. Schuler,et al.  Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome of Patients Developing Infective Endocarditis Following Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. , 2016, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[14]  J. Leipsic,et al.  Transcatheter aortic valve replacement versus surgical valve replacement in intermediate-risk patients: a propensity score analysis , 2016, The Lancet.

[15]  P. Noseworthy,et al.  Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease. , 2016, International journal of cardiology.

[16]  Emilia Bagiella,et al.  Two-Year Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[17]  M. Mack,et al.  Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[18]  J. Zamorano,et al.  [2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis]. , 2015, Kardiologia polska.

[19]  Yanping Chang,et al.  No clinical effect of prosthesis-patient mismatch after transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in intermediate- and low-risk patients with severe aortic valve stenosis at mid-term follow-up: an analysis from the NOTION trial. , 2016, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[20]  H. Schaff,et al.  Effect of Recurrent Mitral Regurgitation Following Degenerative Mitral Valve Repair: Long-Term Analysis of Competing Outcomes. , 2016, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[21]  M. Ergelen,et al.  Early experience of percutaneous paravalvular leak closure using a novel Occlutech occluder. , 2016, EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

[22]  J. Carroll,et al.  Annual Outcomes With Transcatheter Valve Therapy: From the STS/ACC TVT Registry. , 2016, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[23]  K. Phan,et al.  Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation versus reoperative conventional aortic valve replacement: a systematic review. , 2016, Journal of thoracic disease.

[24]  G. Fontana,et al.  Possible Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis in Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[25]  J. Cigarroa,et al.  Further Evolution of the ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendation Classification System: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2016, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[26]  Francois Dagenais,et al.  Two-Year Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Severe Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation. , 2016, The New England journal of medicine.

[27]  M. Mack,et al.  Randomized Comparison of Percutaneous Repair and Surgery for Mitral Regurgitation: 5-Year Results of EVEREST II. , 2015, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[28]  S. Blankenberg,et al.  Transcatheter valve-in-valve therapy using 6 different devices in 4 anatomic positions: Clinical outcomes and technical considerations. , 2015, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[29]  Patricia A Pellikka,et al.  Bioprosthetic Valve Thrombosis Versus Structural Failure: Clinical and Echocardiographic Predictors. , 2015, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[30]  O. Gürsoy,et al.  Sixty-Four–Section Cardiac Computed Tomography in Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valve Dysfunction: Thrombus or Pannus , 2015, Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging.

[31]  Deepak L. Bhatt,et al.  Possible Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis in Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[32]  Changfu Wu,et al.  Reduced Leaflet Motion in Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves--The FDA Perspective. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[33]  J. Leipsic,et al.  Transcatheter Aortic and Mitral Valve-in-Valve Implantation for Failed Surgical Bioprosthetic Valves: An 8-Year Single-Center Experience. , 2015, JACC. Cardiovascular interventions.

[34]  R. Bonow,et al.  Paravalvular regurgitation after conventional aortic and mitral valve replacement: A benchmark for alternative approaches. , 2015, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[35]  S. Aranki,et al.  Contemporary Outcomes of Repeat Aortic Valve Replacement: A Benchmark for Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Procedures. , 2015, Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

[36]  M. Deutsch,et al.  Redo aortic valve surgery versus transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation for failing surgical bioprosthetic valves: consecutive patients in a single-center setting. , 2015, Journal of thoracic disease.

[37]  J. Elefteriades,et al.  Comparison of Quality of Life Perceived by Patients with Bioprosthetic versus Mechanical Valves after Composite Aortic Root Replacement , 2015, Cardiology.

[38]  F. Espitalier,et al.  Very Long-Term Outcomes of the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Aortic Valve in Patients Aged 60 or Younger. , 2015, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[39]  V. Hasselblad,et al.  Perioperative Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[40]  R. de Caterina,et al.  Apixaban in Comparison With Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease: Findings From the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) Trial , 2015, Circulation.

[41]  O. Gürsoy,et al.  Ultraslow thrombolytic therapy: A novel strategy in the management of PROsthetic MEchanical valve Thrombosis and the prEdictors of outcomE: The Ultra-slow PROMETEE trial. , 2015, American heart journal.

[42]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  ACQUIRED CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE : MITRALVALVE A C D Is there an outcome penalty linked to guideline-based indications for valvular surgery ? Early and long-term analysis of patients with organic mitral regurgitation , 2022 .

[43]  M. Mack,et al.  5-year outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement or surgical aortic valve replacement for high surgical risk patients with aortic stenosis (PARTNER 1): a randomised controlled trial , 2015, The Lancet.

[44]  M. Mack,et al.  5-year outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared with standard treatment for patients with inoperable aortic stenosis (PARTNER 1): a randomised controlled trial , 2015, The Lancet.

[45]  M. Leon,et al.  Clinical impact and evolution of mitral regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a meta-analysis , 2015, Heart.

[46]  J. Mehta,et al.  Trends in infective endocarditis incidence, microbiology, and valve replacement in the United States from 2000 to 2011. , 2015, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[47]  E. Tuzcu,et al.  Response to Letters Regarding Article, "Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Results From a Large Multicenter Registry". , 2015, Circulation.

[48]  L. Maier,et al.  Single Institution Experience With Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation Emphasizing Strategies for Coronary Protection. , 2015, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[49]  Abby J. Isaacs,et al.  National trends in utilization and in-hospital outcomes of mechanical versus bioprosthetic aortic valve replacements. , 2015, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[50]  R. Virmani,et al.  Thrombus formation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. , 2015, JACC. Cardiovascular interventions.

[51]  D. Adams,et al.  Survival and outcomes following bioprosthetic vs mechanical mitral valve replacement in patients aged 50 to 69 years. , 2015, JAMA.

[52]  P. Lockhart,et al.  Associations between bacteremia from oral sources and distant-site infections: tooth brushing versus single tooth extraction. , 2015, Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology.

[53]  Patricia A Pellikka,et al.  Misconceptions, diagnostic challenges and treatment opportunities in bioprosthetic valve thrombosis: lessons from a case series. , 2015, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[54]  O. Alfieri,et al.  Treatment and Clinical Outcomes of Transcatheter Heart Valve Thrombosis , 2015, Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions.

[55]  M. Mack,et al.  Secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure: pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic considerations. , 2015, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[56]  B. Prendergast,et al.  Incidence of infective endocarditis in England, 2000–13: a secular trend, interrupted time-series analysis , 2015, BDJ.

[57]  Roberto Lang,et al.  Discordance between echocardiography and MRI in the assessment of mitral regurgitation severity: a prospective multicenter trial. , 2015, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[58]  J. Dillon,et al.  Comparative long-term results of mitral valve repair in adults with chronic rheumatic disease and degenerative disease: is repair for "burnt-out" rheumatic disease still inferior to repair for degenerative disease in the current era? , 2015, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[59]  D. Maucort-Boulch,et al.  The MITRA-FR study: design and rationale of a randomised study of percutaneous mitral valve repair compared with optimal medical management alone for severe secondary mitral regurgitation. , 2015, EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

[60]  T. Bourguignon,et al.  Very long-term outcomes of the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount valve in aortic position. , 2015, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[61]  I. Cruz-González,et al.  Transcatheter reduction of paravalvular leaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2015, The Canadian journal of cardiology.

[62]  K. Zimmerman,et al.  Surgical treatment of moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation. , 2015, The New England journal of medicine.

[63]  M. Mack,et al.  Defining "severe" secondary mitral regurgitation: emphasizing an integrated approach. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[64]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Association between early surgical intervention vs watchful waiting and outcomes for mitral regurgitation due to flail mitral valve leaflets. , 2013, JAMA.

[65]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Left ventricular dysfunction after mitral valve repair--the fallacy of "normal" preoperative myocardial function. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[66]  T. Bourguignon,et al.  Very late outcomes for mitral valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprosthesis: 25-year follow-up of 450 implantations. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[67]  L. Cohn,et al.  Late outcomes comparison of nonelderly patients with stented bioprosthetic and mechanical valves in the aortic position: a propensity-matched analysis. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[68]  D. Adams,et al.  Relationship among surgical volume, repair quality, and perioperative outcomes for repair of mitral insufficiency in a mitral valve reference center. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[69]  W. Encinosa,et al.  Early mortality after aortic valve replacement with mechanical prosthetic vs bioprosthetic valves among Medicare beneficiaries: a population-based cohort study. , 2014, JAMA internal medicine.

[70]  Donna K Arnett,et al.  AHA/ACC/HHS strategies to enhance application of clinical practice guidelines in patients with cardiovascular disease and comorbid conditions: from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[71]  O. Alfieri,et al.  Conventional surgery and transcatheter closure via surgical transapical approach for paravalvular leak repair in high-risk patients: results from a single-centre experience. , 2014, European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging.

[72]  D. Adams,et al.  Survival and long-term outcomes following bioprosthetic vs mechanical aortic valve replacement in patients aged 50 to 69 years. , 2014, JAMA.

[73]  Jeffrey L. Anderson,et al.  The Evolution and Future of ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guidelines: A 30-Year Journey A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines , 2014, Circulation.

[74]  T. Mihaljevic,et al.  Importance of Exercise Capacity in Predicting Outcomes and Determining Optimal Timing of Surgery in Significant Primary Mitral Regurgitation , 2014, Journal of the American Heart Association.

[75]  S. Kaul.  Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement with a self-expanding prosthesis. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[76]  G. Breithardt,et al.  Clinical characteristics and outcomes with rivaroxaban vs. warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation but underlying native mitral and aortic valve disease participating in the ROCKET AF trial , 2014, European heart journal.

[77]  J. T. ten Berg,et al.  Open Transapical Approach to Transcatheter Paravalvular Leakage Closure: A Preliminary Experience , 2014, Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions.

[78]  I. Cruz-González,et al.  Paravalvular leak closure with the Amplatzer Vascular Plug III device: immediate and short-term results. , 2014, Revista espanola de cardiologia.

[79]  M. Mack,et al.  Improved functional status and quality of life in prohibitive surgical risk patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation after transcatheter mitral valve repair. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[80]  M. Pasic,et al.  Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in failed bioprosthetic surgical valves. , 2014, JAMA.

[81]  S. Bertog,et al.  Paravalvular leak closure after transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a self‐expanding prosthesis , 2014, Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions.

[82]  Thoralf M Sundt,et al.  2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2014, Circulation.

[83]  G. Fonarow,et al.  ACC/AHA statement on cost/value methodology in clinical practice guidelines and performance measures: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures and Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2014, Circulation.

[84]  J. Coselli,et al.  Transcatheter aortic valve replacement using a self-expanding bioprosthesis in patients with severe aortic stenosis at extreme risk for surgery. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[85]  Maurice Buchbinder,et al.  Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement with a self-expanding prosthesis. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[86]  Chad Hughes,et al.  Reduced anticoagulation after mechanical aortic valve replacement: interim results from the prospective randomized on-X valve anticoagulation clinical trial randomized Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption trial. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[87]  L. Cohn,et al.  Mechanical versus bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement in patients <65 years old. , 2014, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[88]  D. Fernández de Velasco Pérez.  [Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valves]. , 2014, Revista clinica espanola.

[89]  Timothy J Gardner,et al.  Mitral-valve repair versus replacement for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[90]  Jeffrey L. Anderson,et al.  The evolution and future of ACC/AHA clinical practice guidelines: a 30-year journey: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[91]  L. Shaw,et al.  ACC/AHA statement on cost/value methodology in clinical practice guidelines and performance measures: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures and Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2014, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[92]  L. Køber,et al.  Association of Warfarin Therapy Duration After Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement With Risk of Mortality, Thromboembolic Complications, and Bleeding , 2013 .

[93]  E. Antman,et al.  Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. , 2013, The New England journal of medicine.

[94]  T. Sundt,et al.  Treatment of obstructive thrombosed prosthetic heart valve. , 2013, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[95]  J. Harnek,et al.  Early clinical outcome of aortic transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation in the Nordic countries. , 2013, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[96]  D. Tzivoni,et al.  Diagnosis and treatment of early bioprosthetic malfunction in the mitral valve position due to thrombus formation. , 2013, The American journal of cardiology.

[97]  O. Gürsoy,et al.  The Incremental Value of RT Three‐Dimensional TEE in the Evaluation of Prosthetic Mitral Valve Ring Thrombosis Complicated with Thromboembolism , 2013, Echocardiography.

[98]  C. Çevik,et al.  Thrombolytic Therapy for the Treatment of Prosthetic Heart Valve Thrombosis in Pregnancy With Low-Dose, Slow Infusion of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator , 2013, Circulation.

[99]  C. Hidalgo-Tenorio,et al.  Neurological Complications of Infective Endocarditis: Risk Factors, Outcome, and Impact of Cardiac Surgery A Multicenter Observational Study , 2013, Circulation.

[100]  G. Karthikeyan,et al.  Urgent surgery compared with fibrinolytic therapy for the treatment of left-sided prosthetic heart valve thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. , 2013, European heart journal.

[101]  Stephen R. Hazelrigg,et al.  Long-Term Survival of Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement: A Longitudinal Analysis of Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries , 2013, Circulation.

[102]  L. Cohn,et al.  One thousand minimally invasive mitral valve operations: early outcomes, late outcomes, and echocardiographic follow-up. , 2013, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[103]  J. V. van Dantzig,et al.  Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on early and late mortality after aortic valve replacement , 2013, Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery.

[104]  Susan Armstrong,et al.  Late Outcomes of Mitral Valve Repair for Mitral Regurgitation Due to Degenerative Disease , 2013, Circulation.

[105]  C. Çevik,et al.  Comparison of different TEE-guided thrombolytic regimens for prosthetic valve thrombosis: the TROIA trial. , 2013, JACC. Cardiovascular imaging.

[106]  Deepak L. Bhatt,et al.  ACCF/AHA clinical practice guideline methodology summit report: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. , 2013, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[107]  L. Olaison,et al.  Influence of the timing of cardiac surgery on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis and stroke. , 2013, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[108]  K. Matschke,et al.  Half-dose enoxaparin vs. full-dose enoxaparin for postoperative bridging therapy in patients after cardiac surgery: which dose regimen should be preferred? , 2013, Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation.

[109]  Sean M. O'Brien,et al.  Longitudinal outcome of isolated mitral repair in older patients: results from 14,604 procedures performed from 1991 to 2007. , 2012, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[110]  S. Redwood,et al.  Use of transcatheter heart valves for a valve-in-valve implantation in patients with degenerated aortic bioprosthesis: technical considerations and results. , 2012, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[111]  J. Pepper,et al.  Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery With or Without Mitral Valve Annuloplasty in Moderate Functional Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Final Results of the Randomized Ischemic Mitral Evaluation (RIME) Trial , 2012, Circulation.

[112]  D. Wood,et al.  Long-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: insights on prognostic factors and valve durability from the Canadian multicenter experience. , 2012, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[113]  M. Czerny,et al.  Ten-year comparison of pericardial tissue valves versus mechanical prostheses for aortic valve replacement in patients younger than 60 years of age. , 2012, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[114]  G. Schuler,et al.  Valve-in-Valve Implantation of Medtronic CoreValve Prosthesis in Patients with Failing Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves , 2012, Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions.

[115]  R. Lange,et al.  Reoperations on the pulmonary autograft and pulmonary homograft after the Ross procedure: An update on the German Dutch Ross Registry. , 2012, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[116]  C. Hengstenberg,et al.  Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Degenerative Bioprosthetic Surgical Valves: Results From the Global Valve-in-Valve Registry , 2012, Circulation.

[117]  Sean M. O'Brien,et al.  Early anticoagulation of bioprosthetic aortic valves in older patients: results from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery National Database. , 2012, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[118]  E. Lesaffre,et al.  Autograft and pulmonary allograft performance in the second post-operative decade after the Ross procedure: insights from the Rotterdam Prospective Cohort Study. , 2012, European heart journal.

[119]  A. Tekkeşin,et al.  Outcome of noncardiac and nonvascular surgery in patients with mechanical heart valves. , 2012, The American journal of cardiology.

[120]  L. Baddour,et al.  Incidence of Infective Endocarditis Caused by Viridans Group Streptococci Before and After Publication of the 2007 American Heart Association's Endocarditis Prevention Guidelines , 2012, Circulation.

[121]  S. Connolly,et al.  A comparison of dabigatran etexilate with warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valves: THE Randomized, phase II study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of oral dabigatran etexilate in patients after heart valve replacement (RE-ALIGN). , 2012, American heart journal.

[122]  F. Alla,et al.  Temporal trends in infective endocarditis in the context of prophylaxis guideline modifications: three successive population-based surveys. , 2012, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[123]  Krzysztof Wróbel,et al.  Influence of Mitral Regurgitation Repair on Survival in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Trial , 2012, Circulation.

[124]  Susheel Kodali,et al.  Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement for inoperable severe aortic stenosis. , 2012, The New England journal of medicine.

[125]  Scott Lim,et al.  Two-year outcomes after transcatheter or surgical aortic-valve replacement. , 2012, The New England journal of medicine.

[126]  Samir S. Shah,et al.  Trends in endocarditis hospitalizations at US children's hospitals: impact of the 2007 American Heart Association Antibiotic Prophylaxis Guidelines. , 2012, American heart journal.

[127]  J. Leipsic,et al.  Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation for failed balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valves. , 2012, JACC. Cardiovascular interventions.

[128]  S. Grajek,et al.  Impact of atrial remodeling on heart rhythm after radiofrequency ablation and mitral valve operations. , 2012, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[129]  M. Hannan,et al.  Clinical characteristics and outcome of infective endocarditis involving implantable cardiac devices. , 2012, JAMA.

[130]  J. Jacobs,et al.  Noninferiority of closely monitored mechanical valves to bioprostheses overshadowed by early mortality benefit in younger patients. , 2012, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[131]  B. Lytle,et al.  Outcomes after surgical treatment of native and prosthetic valve infective endocarditis. , 2012, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[132]  R. Whitlock,et al.  Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for valvular disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2012, Chest.

[133]  J. Douketis,et al.  Perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2012, Chest.

[134]  F. Neumann,et al.  Usefulness of phenprocoumon for the treatment of obstructing thrombus in bioprostheses in the aortic valve position. , 2012, The American journal of cardiology.

[135]  E. Foster,et al.  Acute and 12-month results with catheter-based mitral valve leaflet repair: the EVEREST II (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair) High Risk Study. , 2012, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[136]  M. Cheitlin.  Percutaneous Repair or Surgery for Mitral Regurgitation , 2012 .

[137]  T. Huber,et al.  Transcatheter versus Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients , 2012 .

[138]  N. Deshpande.  Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation , 2012 .

[139]  C. Álvarez-Ortega.  [Early surgery versus conventional treatment for infective endocarditis]. , 2012, Revista clinica espanola.

[140]  D. Capodanno,et al.  Dual antiplatelet therapy versus aspirin alone in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. , 2011, The American journal of cardiology.

[141]  B. Griffith,et al.  Pulmonary hypertension adversely affects short- and long-term survival after mitral valve operation for mitral regurgitation: implications for timing of surgery. , 2011, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[142]  D. Murdoch,et al.  Association between valvular surgery and mortality among patients with infective endocarditis complicated by heart failure. , 2011, JAMA.

[143]  D. Hagler,et al.  Long-term follow-up of percutaneous repair of paravalvular prosthetic regurgitation. , 2011, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[144]  Itzhak Kronzon,et al.  Clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous closure of periprosthetic paravalvular leaks. , 2011, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[145]  P. Boekstegers,et al.  Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation for degenerated bioprosthetic heart valves. , 2011, JACC. Cardiovascular interventions.

[146]  P. Presbitero,et al.  Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation using Corevalve Revalving System for failed surgical aortic bioprostheses. , 2011, JACC. Cardiovascular interventions.

[147]  J. Dunning,et al.  Aortic valve surgery: marked increases in volume and significant decreases in mechanical valve use--an analysis of 41,227 patients over 5 years from the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery in Great Britain and Ireland National database. , 2011, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[148]  C. Tribouilloy,et al.  Predicting left ventricular dysfunction after valve repair for mitral regurgitation due to leaflet prolapse: additive value of left ventricular end-systolic dimension to ejection fraction. , 2011, European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology.

[149]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Management of less-than-severe mitral regurgitation: should guidelines recommend earlier surgical intervention? , 2011, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[150]  D. Hagler,et al.  Percutaneous Repair of Paravalvular Prosthetic Regurgitation: Acute and 30-Day Outcomes in 115 Patients , 2011, Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions.

[151]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Independent prognostic value of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with heart failure. A quantitative analysis of 1256 patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy , 2011, Heart.

[152]  Stuart J Pocock,et al.  Transcatheter versus surgical aortic-valve replacement in high-risk patients. , 2011, The New England journal of medicine.

[153]  D. Couper,et al.  Impact of the NICE guideline recommending cessation of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of infective endocarditis: before and after study , 2011, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[154]  F. Mohr,et al.  Redo aortic valve surgery: early and late outcomes. , 2011, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[155]  D. Adams,et al.  A propensity score-adjusted retrospective comparison of early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair versus replacement in octogenarians. , 2011, European heart journal.

[156]  J. Tolstrup,et al.  Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study , 2011, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[157]  F. Van de Werf,et al.  Comparison of thrombolysis versus surgery as a first line therapy for prosthetic heart valve thrombosis. , 2011, The American journal of cardiology.

[158]  F. Aziz,et al.  Anticoagulation monitoring by an anticoagulation service is more cost-effective than routine physician care. , 2010, Journal of vascular surgery.

[159]  Gilbert Habib,et al.  The timing of surgery influences mortality and morbidity in adults with severe complicated infective endocarditis: a propensity analysis. , 2011, European heart journal.

[160]  W. Keeling,et al.  Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Implantation for Aortic Stenosis in Patients Who Cannot Undergo Surgery , 2011 .

[161]  V. Thourani.  Should Patients With Severe Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Delay Surgery Until Symptoms Develop , 2011 .

[162]  J. Gorman,et al.  Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation. , 2011, The New England journal of medicine.

[163]  R. Troughton,et al.  Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. , 2011, The New England journal of medicine.

[164]  Alain Prat,et al.  Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: early results of the FRANCE (FRench Aortic National CoreValve and Edwards) registry. , 2011, European heart journal.

[165]  Sean M. O'Brien,et al.  Predictors of mitral valve repair: clinical and surgeon factors. , 2010, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[166]  T. Mihaljevic,et al.  Should patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation delay surgery until symptoms develop? , 2010, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[167]  C. Indolfi,et al.  LOWERing the INtensity of oral anticoaGulant Therapy in patients with bileaflet mechanical aortic valve replacement: results from the "LOWERING-IT" Trial. , 2010, American heart journal.

[168]  S. Rahimtoola,et al.  Choice of prosthetic heart valve in adults an update. , 2010, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[169]  Stuart Lipsitz,et al.  Late outcomes for aortic valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprosthesis: up to 17-year follow-up in 1,000 patients. , 2010, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[170]  L. Cohn,et al.  Is early antithrombotic therapy necessary in patients with bioprosthetic aortic valves in normal sinus rhythm? , 2010, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[171]  Ronen Gurvitch,et al.  Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation for Failed Bioprosthetic Heart Valves , 2010, Circulation.

[172]  C. Siu,et al.  Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis in a Multicenter Registry of Chinese Patients , 2010, Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals.

[173]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. , 2009, The New England journal of medicine.

[174]  M. Yacoub,et al.  Surgical treatment of active native aortic valve endocarditis with allografts and mechanical prostheses. , 2009, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[175]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Survival implication of left ventricular end-systolic diameter in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflets a long-term follow-up multicenter study. , 2009, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[176]  Hien T. Bui,et al.  Comparison of safety of subcutaneous enoxaparin as outpatient anticoagulation bridging therapy in patients with a mechanical heart valve versus patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. , 2009, The American journal of cardiology.

[177]  C. Vosa,et al.  Aortic valve replacement: a prospective randomized evaluation of mechanical versus biological valves in patients ages 55 to 70 years. , 2009, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[178]  M. Prokop,et al.  Comparison of multidetector-row computed tomography to echocardiography and fluoroscopy for evaluation of patients with mechanical prosthetic valve obstruction. , 2009, The American journal of cardiology.

[179]  G. Karthikeyan,et al.  Accelerated Infusion of Streptokinase for the Treatment of Left-Sided Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 2009, Circulation.

[180]  Andre Lamy,et al.  Antithrombotic management of patients with prosthetic heart valves: current evidence and future trends , 2009, The Lancet.

[181]  G. Ruvolo,et al.  POINT: Efficacy of adding mitral valve restrictive annuloplasty to coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with moderate ischemic mitral valve regurgitation: a randomized trial. , 2009, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[182]  R. Damiano,et al.  The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. , 2009, Heart rhythm.

[183]  D. Raoult,et al.  Dramatic reduction in infective endocarditis-related mortality with a management-based approach. , 2009, Archives of internal medicine.

[184]  N. Dowling,et al.  Peri-procedural anticoagulation management of mechanical prosthetic heart valve patients. , 2009, Thrombosis research.

[185]  Sean M. O'Brien,et al.  The Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2008 cardiac surgery risk models: part 2--isolated valve surgery. , 2009, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[186]  S. Iliceto,et al.  Standardized Low–Molecular-Weight Heparin Bridging Regimen in Outpatients on Oral Anticoagulants Undergoing Invasive Procedure or Surgery: An Inception Cohort Management Study , 2009, Circulation.

[187]  M. Lengyel,et al.  Predictors of the outcome of thrombolytic therapy in prosthetic mitral valve thrombosis: a study of 62 events. , 2009, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[188]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Recovery of left ventricular function after surgical correction of mitral regurgitation caused by leaflet prolapse. , 2009, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[189]  Sean M. O'Brien,et al.  Trends in mitral valve surgery in the United States: results from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. , 2009, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[190]  P. Coste,et al.  Management of prosthetic heart valve obstruction: fibrinolysis versus surgery. Early results and long-term follow-up in a single-centre study of 263 cases. , 2009, Archives of cardiovascular diseases.

[191]  Marinus J C Eijkemans,et al.  Patient outcome after aortic valve replacement with a mechanical or biological prosthesis: weighing lifetime anticoagulant-related event risk against reoperation risk. , 2009, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[192]  P. Pibarot,et al.  Prosthetic Heart Valves Selection of the Optimal Prosthesis and Long-Term Management , 2009 .

[193]  S. Yun,et al.  Comparison of Early Surgery Versus Conventional Treatment in Asymptomatic Severe Mitral Regurgitation , 2009, Circulation.

[194]  G. Melina,et al.  Does combined mitral valve surgery improve survival when compared to revascularization alone in patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation? A meta-analysis on 2479 patients , 2009, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[195]  M. Maganti,et al.  Redo valvular surgery in elderly patients. , 2009, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[196]  P. Mykén,et al.  A 20-year experience of 1712 patients with the Biocor porcine bioprosthesis. , 2009, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[197]  J. Douketis,et al.  Perioperative bridging therapy with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves on long-term oral anticoagulants (from the REGIMEN Registry). , 2008, The American journal of cardiology.

[198]  Arash Salemi,et al.  Outcomes after repair of the anterior mitral leaflet for degenerative disease. , 2008, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[199]  T. Sundt,et al.  Determinants of early decline in ejection fraction after surgical correction of mitral regurgitation. , 2008, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[200]  M. Vanier,et al.  Is long-term pharmacist-managed anticoagulation service efficient? A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. , 2008, American heart journal.

[201]  Bruce J Paster,et al.  Bacteremia Associated With Toothbrushing and Dental Extraction , 2008, Circulation.

[202]  T. Sundt,et al.  Aortic valve replacement in patients aged 50 to 70 years: improved outcome with mechanical versus biologic prostheses. , 2008, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[203]  Eugene H Blackstone,et al.  Valve repair versus valve replacement for degenerative mitral valve disease. , 2008, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[204]  L. Menicanti,et al.  Aortic valve replacement in octogenarians: is biologic valve the unique solution? , 2008, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[205]  H. Ghomrawi,et al.  The association between the timing of valve surgery and 6-month mortality in left-sided infective endocarditis , 2008, Heart.

[206]  A. Della Corte,et al.  Tissue versus mechanical prostheses: quality of life in octogenarians. , 2008, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[207]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Thromboembolic complications after surgical correction of mitral regurgitation incidence, predictors, and clinical implications. , 2008, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[208]  J. Douketis,et al.  Perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy. , 2008, Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej.

[209]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Outcomes in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflets a multicenter European study. , 2008, JACC. Cardiovascular imaging.

[210]  F. Fernández‐Avilés,et al.  Usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography in percutaneous transcatheter repairs of paravalvular mitral regurgitation. , 2008, The American journal of cardiology.

[211]  David L Hayes,et al.  Infective endocarditis complicating permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infection. , 2008, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[212]  H. Worthington,et al.  Antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry. , 2008, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[213]  Piet Claus,et al.  Abscess in infective endocarditis: the value of transesophageal echocardiography and outcome: a 5-year study. , 2007, American heart journal.

[214]  T. Gherli,et al.  Comparing warfarin to aspirin (WoA) after aortic valve replacement with the St. Jude Medical Epic heart valve bioprosthesis: results of the WoA Epic pilot trial. , 2007, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[215]  J. Geist,et al.  American Heart Association 2007 guidelines on prevention of infective endocarditis. , 2007, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association.

[216]  D. Ngaage,et al.  Influence of preoperative atrial fibrillation on late results of mitral repair: is concomitant ablation justified? , 2007, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[217]  S. Iliceto,et al.  Low-Intensity Oral Anticoagulant Plus Low-Dose Aspirin During the First Six Months Versus Standard-Intensity Oral Anticoagulant Therapy After Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement: A Pilot Study of Low-Intensity Warfarin and Aspirin in Cardiac Prostheses (LIWACAP) , 2007, Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis.

[218]  Jeevanantham Rajeswaran,et al.  Impact of mitral valve annuloplasty combined with revascularization in patients with functional ischemic mitral regurgitation. , 2007, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[219]  Larry M Baddour,et al.  Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: a guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Card , 2007, Circulation.

[220]  R. Kornowski,et al.  Percutaneous closure of perivalvular leaks with Amplatzer occluders: feasibility, safety, and shortterm results. , 2007, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[221]  C. Hammerstingl,et al.  Periprocedural bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin in chronically anticoagulated patients with prosthetic mechanical heart valves: experience in 116 patients from the prospective BRAVE registry. , 2007, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[222]  H. Ghomrawi,et al.  The Impact of Valve Surgery on 6-Month Mortality in Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis , 2007, Circulation.

[223]  Gilbert Habib,et al.  Predictors of death and impact of surgery in Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis. , 2007, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[224]  Patricia Muñoz,et al.  Contemporary clinical profile and outcome of prosthetic valve endocarditis. , 2007, JAMA.

[225]  Andrew Wang,et al.  Early surgery in patients with infective endocarditis: a propensity score analysis. , 2007, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[226]  Piet Claus,et al.  Infective endocarditis: changing epidemiology and predictors of 6-month mortality: a prospective cohort study. , 2006, European heart journal.

[227]  Enrique Rodrı́guez,et al.  Clinical and prognostic profile of patients with infective endocarditis who need urgent surgery. , 2006, European heart journal.

[228]  V. Vats,et al.  Outcomes of oral anticoagulant therapy managed by telephone vs in-office visits in an anticoagulation clinic setting. , 2006, Chest.

[229]  J. Webb,et al.  Percutaneous closure of prosthetic paravalvular leaks: Case series and review , 2006, Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions.

[230]  K. Goldman.  Dental management of patients with bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. , 2006, Dental clinics of North America.

[231]  Alexander Kulik,et al.  Mechanical versus bioprosthetic valve replacement in middle-aged patients. , 2006, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[232]  Xavier Duval,et al.  Estimated risk of endocarditis in adults with predisposing cardiac conditions undergoing dental procedures with or without antibiotic prophylaxis. , 2006, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[233]  M. Schemper,et al.  Outcome of Watchful Waiting in Asymptomatic Severe Mitral Regurgitation , 2006, Circulation.

[234]  P. López-Saura,et al.  Thrombolysis as first choice therapy in prosthetic heart valve thrombosis. A study of 68 patients , 2006, Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis.

[235]  V. Chan,et al.  Performance of bioprostheses and mechanical prostheses assessed by composites of valve-related complications to 15 years after aortic valve replacement. , 2003, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[236]  M. Pepi,et al.  Feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of quantitative assessment of mechanical prostheses leaflet motion by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in suspected prosthetic valve dysfunction. , 2006, The American journal of cardiology.

[237]  Susan Armstrong,et al.  Twenty-year results of the Hancock II bioprosthesis. , 2006, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[238]  S. Armstrong,et al.  A comparison of outcomes of mitral valve repair for degenerative disease with posterior, anterior, and bileaflet prolapse. , 2005, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[239]  G. Vlahakes,et al.  Early and late results of the surgical correction of cardiac prosthetic paravalvular leaks. , 2005, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[240]  J. Lax,et al.  Cinefluoroscopic assessment of mechanical disc prostheses: its value as a complementary method to echocardiography. , 2005, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[241]  L. Pierard,et al.  Long-term outcome of patients with heart failure and dynamic functional mitral regurgitation. , 2005, European heart journal.

[242]  M. Aguilar,et al.  Oral anticoagulants for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks. , 2005, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[243]  Gilbert Habib,et al.  Risk of Embolism and Death in Infective Endocarditis: Prognostic Value of Echocardiography: A Prospective Multicenter Study , 2005, Circulation.

[244]  Rosario V. Freeman,et al.  Spectrum of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: Pathogenesis, Disease Progression, and Treatment Strategies , 2005, Circulation.

[245]  D. Raoult,et al.  Prosthetic valve endocarditis: who needs surgery? A multicentre study of 104 cases , 2005, Heart.

[246]  T. Sundt,et al.  Is early anticoagulation with warfarin necessary after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement? , 2005, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[247]  Rajul A. Patel,et al.  Reduction in Warfarin Adverse Events Requiring Patient Hospitalization After Implementation of a Pharmacist‐Managed Anticoagulation Service , 2005, Pharmacotherapy.

[248]  D. Witt,et al.  Effect of a centralized clinical pharmacy anticoagulation service on the outcomes of anticoagulation therapy. , 2005, Chest.

[249]  C. Mestres,et al.  Triflusal versus oral anticoagulation for primary prevention of thromboembolism after bioprosthetic valve replacement (trac): prospective, randomized, co-operative trial. , 2005, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[250]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation. , 2005, The New England journal of medicine.

[251]  S. Bolling,et al.  Impact of mitral valve annuloplasty on mortality risk in patients with mitral regurgitation and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. , 2005, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[252]  R. Bergemann,et al.  Thromboembolic and bleeding complications following St. Jude Medical valve replacement: results of the German Experience With Low-Intensity Anticoagulation Study. , 2005, Chest.

[253]  B. Suh,et al.  Infective endocarditis following orthotopic heart transplantation: 10 cases and a review of the literature , 2004, Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society.

[254]  A. Salvador,et al.  Comparative effects of antiplatelet, anticoagulant, or combined therapy in patients with valvular and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a randomized multicenter study. , 2004, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[255]  Kjell Alestig,et al.  Pacemaker Endocarditis During 18 Years in Göteborg , 2004, Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases.

[256]  J. Bourke,et al.  Effect of mitral valve repair/replacement surgery on atrial arrhythmia behavior. , 2004, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[257]  E Abrutyn,et al.  Prognostic factors in 61 cases of Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic valve infective endocarditis from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis merged database. , 2004, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[258]  F. Carreras,et al.  Transesophageal echocardiography improves risk assessment of thrombolysis of prosthetic valve thrombosis: results of the international PRO-TEE registry. , 2003, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[259]  Joan Buenconsejo,et al.  Impact of valve surgery on 6-month mortality in adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis: a propensity analysis. , 2003, JAMA.

[260]  D J Wheatley,et al.  Twenty year comparison of a Bjork-Shiley mechanical heart valve with porcine bioprostheses , 2003, Heart.

[261]  B. Lytle,et al.  Mitral valve repair with aortic valve replacement is superior to double valve replacement. , 2003, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[262]  Joan Buenconsejo,et al.  Complicated left-sided native valve endocarditis in adults: risk classification for mortality. , 2003, JAMA.

[263]  C. O'connor,et al.  Relation of frequency and severity of mitral regurgitation to survival among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure. , 2003, The American journal of cardiology.

[264]  A. Schlitt,et al.  Clopidogrel and aspirin in the prevention of thromboembolic complications after mechanical aortic valve replacement (CAPTA). , 2003, Thrombosis research.

[265]  T. Sundt,et al.  Can late survival of patients with moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation be impacted by intervention on the valve? , 2002, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[266]  T. Mihaljevic,et al.  Risk factors and management of endocarditis after mitral valve repair. , 2002, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[267]  K. Chan,et al.  Early clinical course and long-term outcome of patients with infective endocarditis complicated by perivalvular abscess. , 2002, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[268]  Susan Armstrong,et al.  Late hemodynamic and clinical outcomes of aortic valve replacement with the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount pericardial bioprosthesis. , 2002, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[269]  B. Griffin,et al.  Endocarditis after mitral valve repair. , 2002, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[270]  E. Blackstone,et al.  Hemodynamic stability during 17 years of the Carpentier-Edwards aortic pericardial bioprosthesis. , 2002, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[271]  R. Bergemann,et al.  Intensity of oral anticoagulation after implantation of St. Jude Medical mitral or multiple valve replacement: lessons learned from GELIA (GELIA 5) , 2001 .

[272]  A. Berrebi,et al.  Long-Term (29 Years) Results of Reconstructive Surgery in Rheumatic Mitral Valve Insufficiency , 2001, Circulation.

[273]  M. Lengyel,et al.  The role of thrombolysis in the management of left-sided prosthetic valve thrombosis: a study of 85 cases diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography. , 2001, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[274]  Steven S. Khan,et al.  Twenty-year comparison of tissue and mechanical valve replacement. , 2001, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[275]  K. Bailey,et al.  Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Long-Term Outcome and Prognostic Implications With Quantitative Doppler Assessment , 2001, Circulation.

[276]  M E Ellis,et al.  Fungal endocarditis: evidence in the world literature, 1965-1995. , 2001, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[277]  P. Stolley,et al.  Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis: Oral Hygiene and Nondental Exposures , 2000, Circulation.

[278]  S. Kothari,et al.  Thrombolytic therapy for prosthetic valve thrombosis: short- and long-term results. , 2000, American heart journal.

[279]  W. O'Fallon,et al.  Predictors of Cerebrovascular Events and Death Among Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Population-Based Study , 2000, Stroke.

[280]  W G Henderson,et al.  Outcomes 15 years after valve replacement with a mechanical versus a bioprosthetic valve: final report of the Veterans Affairs randomized trial. , 2000, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[281]  S. Langley,et al.  Surgery for active culture-positive endocarditis: determinants of early and late outcome. , 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[282]  B. Lytle,et al.  Early onset prosthetic valve endocarditis: the Cleveland Clinic experience 1992-1997. , 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[283]  D. Mesa,et al.  Long term outcome of infective endocarditis in patients who were not drug addicts: a 10 year study , 2000, Heart.

[284]  R. Bergström,et al.  Observed and relative survival after aortic valve replacement. , 2000, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[285]  M. Pepi,et al.  Role of cine-fluoroscopy, transthoracic, and transesophageal echocardiography in patients with suspected prosthetic heart valve thrombosis. , 2000, The American journal of cardiology.

[286]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Sudden death in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflet. , 1999, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[287]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Impact of preoperative symptoms on survival after surgical correction of organic mitral regurgitation: rationale for optimizing surgical indications. , 1999, Circulation.

[288]  Roy Feldman,et al.  Dental and Cardiac Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis: A Population-Based, Case-Control Study , 1998, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[289]  M. Quiñones,et al.  Differentiating thrombus from pannus formation in obstructed mechanical prosthetic valves: an evaluation of clinical, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic parameters. , 1998, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[290]  M G Amato,et al.  Comparison of an anticoagulation clinic with usual medical care: anticoagulation control, patient outcomes, and health care costs. , 1998, Archives of internal medicine.

[291]  C. Mullany,et al.  Modern management of prosthetic valve anticoagulation. , 1998, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[292]  A. Galloway,et al.  Valve repair versus replacement for mitral insufficiency: when is a mechanical valve still indicated? , 1998, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[293]  C Cabrol,et al.  Active native valve endocarditis: determinants of operative death and late mortality. , 1997, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[294]  M. Lazzari,et al.  Low-intensity oral anticoagulation plus low-dose aspirin versus high-intensity oral anticoagulation alone: a randomized trial in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves. , 1997, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[295]  B. Lytle,et al.  Fungal Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis in 16 Patients An 11‐Year Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital , 1997, Medicine.

[296]  B. Iung,et al.  AREVA: multicenter randomized comparison of low-dose versus standard-dose anticoagulation in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves. , 1996, Circulation.

[297]  Y. Kawashima,et al.  Rationale of the Cox maze procedure for atrial fibrillation during redo mitral valve operations. , 1996, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[298]  Y. Kawashima,et al.  Risks and benefits of combined maze procedure for atrial fibrillation associated with organic heart disease. , 1996, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[299]  Y. Kawashima,et al.  Surgical management of infective endocarditis associated with cerebral complications. Multi-center retrospective study in Japan. , 1995, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[300]  C. Chastang,et al.  Prosthetic valve endocarditis in the ICU. Prognostic factors of overall survival in a series of 122 cases and consequences for treatment decision. , 1995, Chest.

[301]  M. Starling.  Effects of valve surgery on left ventricular contractile function in patients with long-term mitral regurgitation. , 1995, Circulation.

[302]  J. Vandenbroucke,et al.  Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with mechanical heart valves. , 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

[303]  V. Fuster,et al.  High risk of thromboemboli early after bioprosthetic cardiac valve replacement. , 1995, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[304]  H. Schultheiss,et al.  Intracardiac thrombosis: patient-related and device-related factors. , 1995, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[305]  D. Miller,et al.  Reoperation for aortic valve periprosthetic leakage: identification of patients at risk and results of operation. , 1995, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[306]  L. Cohn,et al.  The effect of pathophysiology on the surgical treatment of ischemic mitral regurgitation: operative and late risks of repair versus replacement. , 1995, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

[307]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Left Ventricular Volume Changes During Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography Identify Patients with More Extensive Coronary Artery Disease , 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[308]  M. Enriquez-Sarano,et al.  Echocardiographic Prediction of Survival After Surgical Correction of Organic Mitral Regurgitation , 1994, Circulation.

[309]  C. Duran,et al.  Valve Repair in Rheumatic Mitral Disease: An Unsolved Problem , 1994, Journal of cardiac surgery.

[310]  F. R. Rosendaal,et al.  Thromboembolic and Bleeding Complications in Patients With Mechanical Heart Valve Prostheses , 1994, Circulation.

[311]  A. Laupacis,et al.  A comparison of aspirin with placebo in patients treated with warfarin after heart-valve replacement. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[312]  A. Pavie,et al.  Prosthetic valve endocarditis with ring abscesses. Surgical management and long-term results. , 1993, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[313]  B. Strauer,et al.  The effect of chordal preservation on late outcome after mitral valve replacement: a randomized study. , 1993, The Journal of heart valve disease.

[314]  M. Zile,et al.  Mitral Valve Replacement With and Without Chordal Preservation in Patients With Chronic Mitral Regurgitation: Mechanisms for Differences in Postoperative Ejection Performance , 1992, Circulation.

[315]  P. Tornos,et al.  Late prosthetic valve endocarditis. Immediate and long-term prognosis. , 1992, Chest.

[316]  J. Skoularigis,et al.  A case for early surgery in native left-sided endocarditis complicated by heart failure: results in 203 patients. , 1991, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[317]  J L Cox,et al.  The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV. Surgical technique. , 1991, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[318]  T. Wisenbaugh,et al.  Obstruction of mechanical heart valve prostheses: clinical aspects and surgical management. , 1991, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[319]  R. Bonow,et al.  Comparative assessment of chordal preservation versus chordal resection during mitral valve replacement. , 1990, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[320]  K. Hammermeister,et al.  Clinical Investigation Determinants of Survival and Left Ventricular Performance After Mitral Valve Replacement , 2005 .

[321]  A Mügge,et al.  Echocardiography in infective endocarditis: reassessment of prognostic implications of vegetation size determined by the transthoracic and the transesophageal approach. , 1989, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[322]  P. D. Cahill,et al.  Physiologic role of the mitral apparatus in left ventricular regional mechanics, contraction synergy, and global systolic performance. , 1989, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[323]  L. Cohn,et al.  Surgery for mitral regurgitation. , 1988, JAMA.

[324]  P. D. Cahill,et al.  Restoration of left ventricular systolic performance after reattachment of the mitral chordae tendineae. The importance of valvular-ventricular interaction. , 1988, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[325]  D. Horstkotte,et al.  The natural history of aortic valve stenosis. , 1988, European heart journal.

[326]  D. Horstkotte,et al.  Contribution for choosing the optimal prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis , 1987 .

[327]  L. Edmunds,et al.  Thrombotic and bleeding complications of prosthetic heart valves. , 1987, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[328]  V. Fuster,et al.  Mitral valvuloplasty is superior to valve replacement for preservation of left ventricular function: An intraoperative two-dimensional echocardiography study , 1987 .

[329]  T. David,et al.  Mitral valve replacement for mitral regurgitation with and without preservation of chordae tendineae. , 1984, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[330]  J. Oliver,et al.  Prevention of thromboembolism using aspirin after mitral valve replacement with porcine bioprosthesis. , 1984, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[331]  T. David,et al.  The importance of the mitral apparatus in left ventricular function after correction of mitral regurgitation. , 1983, Circulation.

[332]  H. Schaff,et al.  Results of reoperation for periprosthetic leakage. , 1983, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[333]  Franz Schwarz,et al.  The Effect of Aortic Valve Replacement on Survival , 1982, Circulation.

[334]  J. Ross,et al.  Temporal Response of Left Ventricular Performance to Mitral Valve Surgery , 1979, Circulation.

[335]  D. Gleason,et al.  Complete Heart Block Complicating Bacterial Endocarditis , 1972, Circulation.

[336]  R. F. Rushmer.  Initial phase of ventricular systole: asynchronous contraction. , 1955, The American journal of physiology.