The Atomic Deuterium Maser.

An atomic deuterium maser operating on hyperfine transitions was used to measure the ground-state hyperfine separation in deuterium. The result was ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{0}(\mathrm{D})=327 384 352.5222(17)$ Hz where the hydrogen hyperfine frequency is assumed to be exactly 1420 405 751. 768 Hz. The construction of the device is discussed and a theory of the deuterium maser is presented with special attention given to frequency shifts occurring in the output frequency. In addition, a possible shift of the deuteron Larmor frequency because of the earth's gravitational field was also investigated and found to be ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ Hz.

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