Designing flicker-free video display terminals

Abstract The notion of a standard observer for flicker is described based on a theory of human flicker sensitivity. Based on this model and the data collected from four independent studies, an analytic method is proposed for predicting whether or not a particular display will be flicker-free given information about its phosphor, refresh rate and screen luminance. This method will provide display engineers with a way to evalute screen flicker during the design phase of a display and will be a satisfactory alternative to the present, rather cumbersome, empirical methods.

[1]  B. H. Crawford.  The dependence of pupil size upon external light stimulus under static and variable conditions , 1936 .

[2]  Herbert E. Ives,et al.  A Theory of Intermittent Vision , 1922 .

[3]  Joyce E. Farrell,et al.  An analytical method for predicting perceived flicker , 1986 .

[4]  T. C. Porter.  Contribution to the study of ‘flicker’ , 1898, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London.

[5]  R. Chaplin,et al.  Measurement of perceived flicker in VDU products , 1987 .

[6]  H. D. L. Dzn.  Eye’s Response at Flicker Fusion to Square-Wave Modulation of a Test Field Surrounded by a Large Steady Field of Equal Mean Luminance , 1961 .

[7]  D H Kelly,et al.  Diffusion model of linear flicker responses. , 1969, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[8]  C. Tyler.  Analysis of visual modulation sensitivity. III. Meridional variations in peripheral flicker sensitivity. , 1987, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[9]  J. E. Farrell.  Objective methods for evaluating screen flicker , 1987 .

[10]  D. H. Kelly.  Theory of flicker and transient responses. I. Uniform fields. , 1971, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[11]  S. Eriksson,et al.  Temporal and spatial stability in visual displays , 1987 .

[12]  D. Bauer,et al.  Use of slow phosphors to eliminate flicker in VDUs with bright background , 1987 .

[13]  D. Stork,et al.  Temporal impulse responses from flicker sensitivities. , 1987, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[14]  Joyce E. Farrell,et al.  PREDICTING FLICKER THRESHOLDS FOR VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS , 1987 .

[15]  D. H. Kelly.  Visual response to time-dependent stimuli. I. Amplitude sensitivity measurements. , 1961, Journal of the Optical Society of America.