An application of chain code-based local descriptor and its extension to face recognition

Local descriptors are widely used technique of feature extraction to obtain information about both local and global properties of an object. Here, we discuss an application of the Chain Code-Based Local Descriptor to face recognition by focusing on various datasets and considering different variants of this description method. We augment the generic form of the descriptor by adding a possibility of grouping pixels into blocks, i.e., effectively describing larger neighborhoods. The results of experiments show the efficiency of the approach. We demonstrate that the obtained results are comparable or even better than those delivered by other important algorithms in the class of methods based on the Bag-of-Visual-Words paradigm. An extension of Chain Code-Based Local Descriptor (CCBLD) is proposed.CCBLD is applied to face recognition task.Bag-of-Visual-Words paradigm is realized through the dictionary of chain-codes.Test results show that CCBLD is comparable or outperforms other local descriptors.The approach is tested using CAS-PEAL, ColorFERET, FG-NET, and other datasets.

[1]  David J. Kriegman,et al.  Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection , 1996, ECCV.

[2]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Face Recognition with Local Binary Patterns , 2004, ECCV.

[3]  Chi-Ho Chan,et al.  Full ranking as local descriptor for visual recognition: A comparison of distance metrics on sn , 2015, Pattern Recognit..

[4]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on featured distributions , 1996, Pattern Recognit..

[5]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Multiresolution Gray-Scale and Rotation Invariant Texture Classification with Local Binary Patterns , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[6]  Allen Y. Yang,et al.  Robust Face Recognition via Sparse Representation , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[7]  Bongjin Jun,et al.  Statistical face image preprocessing and non-statistical face representation for practical face recognition , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT).

[8]  Tieniu Tan,et al.  Local salient patterns — A novel local descriptor for face recognition , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Biometrics (ICB).

[9]  Oscar Castillo,et al.  Face recognition using modular neural networks and the fuzzy Sugeno integral for response integration: Research Articles , 2005 .

[10]  Andreas Uhl,et al.  A scale- and orientation-adaptive extension of Local Binary Patterns for texture classification , 2015, Pattern Recognit..

[11]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Local descriptors in application to the aging problem in face recognition , 2013, Pattern Recognit..

[12]  Wen Gao,et al.  Local Gabor binary pattern histogram sequence (LGBPHS): a novel non-statistical model for face representation and recognition , 2005, Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'05) Volume 1.

[13]  Norbert Krüger,et al.  Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[14]  M. Turk,et al.  Eigenfaces for Recognition , 1991, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[15]  Wei Jia,et al.  Local line directional pattern for palmprint recognition , 2016, Pattern Recognit..

[16]  C. Schmid,et al.  Description of Interest Regions with Center-Symmetric Local Binary Patterns , 2006, ICVGIP.

[17]  Oscar Castillo,et al.  Face recognition using modular neural networks and fuzzy Sugeno integral for response integration , 2005, Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005..

[18]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Chain Code-Based Local Descriptor for Face Recognition , 2015, CORES.

[19]  Xiaogang Wang,et al.  Deep Learning Face Representation from Predicting 10,000 Classes , 2014, 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[20]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Computer recognition of human faces , 1980 .

[21]  Qionghai Dai,et al.  Local visual feature fusion via maximum margin multimodal deep neural network , 2016, Neurocomputing.

[22]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE, 2009, TPAMI-2008-09-0620 1 WLD: A Robust Local Image Descriptor , 2022 .

[23]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Data-driven techniques for smoothing histograms of local binary patterns , 2016, Pattern Recognit..

[24]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Face Alignment by Local Deep Descriptor Regression , 2016, ArXiv.

[25]  Andreas Lanitis,et al.  Comparative Evaluation of Automatic Age-Progression Methodologies , 2008, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[26]  Wen Gao,et al.  Histogram of Gabor Phase Patterns (HGPP): A Novel Object Representation Approach for Face Recognition , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[27]  Xudong Jiang,et al.  Learning LBP structure by maximizing the conditional mutual information , 2015, Pattern Recognit..

[28]  Eimad E. A. Abusham,et al.  Face Recognition Using Local Graph Structure (LGS) , 2011, HCI.

[29]  P. Jonathon Phillips,et al.  Support Vector Machines Applied to Face Recognition , 1998, NIPS.

[30]  Hyeonjoon Moon,et al.  The FERET Evaluation Methodology for Face-Recognition Algorithms , 2000, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[31]  Xuelong Li,et al.  Learning Compact Feature Descriptor and Adaptive Matching Framework for Face Recognition , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[32]  Jonghyun Choi,et al.  A complementary local feature descriptor for face identification , 2012, 2012 IEEE Workshop on the Applications of Computer Vision (WACV).

[33]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Local frequency descriptor for low-resolution face recognition , 2011, Face and Gesture 2011.

[34]  Norbert Krüger,et al.  Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.

[35]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Linguistic descriptors in face recognition: A literature survey and the perspectives of future development , 2015, 2015 Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications (SPA).

[36]  Jar-Ferr Yang,et al.  Histogram of gradient phases: a new local descriptor for face recognition , 2014, IET Comput. Vis..

[37]  Chi-Ho Chan Multi-scale local Binary Pattern Histogram for Face Recognition , 2007, ICB.

[38]  Narciso García,et al.  Human-computer interaction based on visual hand-gesture recognition using volumetric spatiograms of local binary patterns , 2015, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[39]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Face recognition: A study in information fusion using fuzzy integral , 2005, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[40]  Witold Pedrycz,et al.  Local descriptors and similarity measures for frontal face recognition: A comparative analysis , 2013, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent..

[41]  Andrew Zisserman,et al.  Video Google: a text retrieval approach to object matching in videos , 2003, Proceedings Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[42]  Kuo-Chin Fan,et al.  A Novel Local Pattern Descriptor—Local Vector Pattern in High-Order Derivative Space for Face Recognition , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[43]  Honglak Lee,et al.  Learning hierarchical representations for face verification with convolutional deep belief networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[44]  Zhengguang Xu,et al.  Local Gabor phase difference pattern for face recognition , 2008, 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[45]  Elisabeth Rakus-Andersson,et al.  Face Classification Based on Linguistic Description of Facial Features , 2014, ICAISC.

[46]  Shengcai Liao,et al.  Learning Multi-scale Block Local Binary Patterns for Face Recognition , 2007, ICB.

[47]  Luisa Verdoliva,et al.  Local contrast phase descriptor for fingerprint liveness detection , 2015, Pattern Recognit..

[48]  Harry Wechsler,et al.  The FERET database and evaluation procedure for face-recognition algorithms , 1998, Image Vis. Comput..

[49]  Kalaiarasi Sonai Muthu,et al.  Face recognition with Symmetric Local Graph Structure (SLGS) , 2014, Expert Syst. Appl..

[50]  Marko Heikkilä,et al.  Description of interest regions with local binary patterns , 2009, Pattern Recognit..

[51]  Jie Chen,et al.  Fusing Local Patterns of Gabor Magnitude and Phase for Face Recognition , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[52]  Gonzalo Navarro,et al.  A guided tour to approximate string matching , 2001, CSUR.

[53]  Wen Gao,et al.  The CAS-PEAL Large-Scale Chinese Face Database and Baseline Evaluations , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans.

[54]  Hanqing Lu,et al.  Face detection using improved LBP under Bayesian framework , 2004, Third International Conference on Image and Graphics (ICIG'04).

[55]  Junwei Han,et al.  Local deep feature learning framework for 3D shape , 2015, Comput. Graph..