ctapipe - Prototype Open Event Reconstruction Pipeline for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory currently under construction. It will improve over the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) by a factor of five to ten in sensitivity and it will be able to observe the whole sky from a combination of two sites: a northern site in La Palma, Spain, and a southern one in Paranal, Chile. CTAO will also be the first open ground-based gamma-ray observatory. Accordingly, the CTAO data processing pipeline is developed as open-source software and ctapipe will be a core package therein. The event reconstruction pipeline accepts raw data of the telescopes and processes it to produce suitable input for the higher-level science tools. Its primary tasks include reconstructing the physical properties of each recorded air shower and providing the corresponding instrument response functions. ctapipe is a python framework providing algorithms and command-line tools to facilitate raw data calibration, image extraction, image parametrization and event reconstruction. Its current main focus is the analysis of simulated data but it has also been successfully applied for the analysis of data obtained with the CTA prototype telescopes, and first science results have now been obtained by the LST-1 collaboration using ctapipe . A plugin system also allows the processing of non-CTA data. Recent updates, including event reconstruction using machine learning and a new plugin system as well as the roadmap towards a 1.0 release will be presented.

[1]  J. A. Barrio,et al.  Performance of joint gamma-ray observations with MAGIC and LST-1 telescopes , 2023, Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2023).

[2]  J. A. Barrio,et al.  Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array , 2023, Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2023).

[3]  Tokyo,et al.  Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array , 2023, The Astrophysical Journal.

[4]  L. A. Antonelli,et al.  Multiwavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157 , 2022, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[5]  Miguel de Val-Borro,et al.  The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package , 2022, The Astrophysical Journal.

[6]  Taro Kimura,et al.  Group , 2021, Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining. 2nd Ed..

[7]  O. Gueta.  The Cherenkov Telescope Array: layout, design and performance , 2021, Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021).

[8]  Michèle Sanguillon,et al.  The Cherenkov Telescope Array production system proto-type for large-scale data processing and simulations , 2021, EPJ Web of Conferences.

[9]  Jaime Fern'andez del R'io,et al.  Array programming with NumPy , 2020, Nature.

[10]  D. Meldrum,et al.  Advanced , 2020, Definitions.

[11]  Johannes L. Schönberger,et al.  SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python , 2019, Nature Methods.

[12]  J. R. Gaines.  Space on Earth , 2018, Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis.

[13]  Brigitta Sipocz,et al.  Gammapy - A prototype for the CTA science tools , 2017, 1709.01751.

[14]  Siu Kwan Lam,et al.  Numba: a LLVM-based Python JIT compiler , 2015, LLVM '15.

[15]  J. A. Hinton,et al.  A Monte Carlo template based analysis for air-Cherenkov arrays , 2014, 1403.2993.

[16]  Gaël Varoquaux,et al.  Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python , 2011, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[17]  K. Bernlohr,et al.  Simulation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes with CORSIKA and sim_telarray , 2008, 0808.2253.

[18]  A. Wernick.  University , 2006, The Genealogical Imagination.

[19]  V. Connaughton,et al.  A new analysis method for reconstructing the arrival direction of TeV gamma rays using a single imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope , 2000, astro-ph/0005468.

[20]  A. Hillas.  Cerenkov light images of EAS produced by primary gamma , 1985 .

[21]  T. Gilmartin,et al.  Dublin , 1968, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology.

[22]  R. Joynt.  Department , 1960, Neurology.

[23]  Relatório DE Atividades.  Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas , 2009 .

[24]  Charlie Pye- Smith,et al.  Krakow , 2009, The Wealth of Communities.

[25]  L. Antonelli.  INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , 2007 .

[26]  J. Gal-Ezer,et al.  The Open University of Israel , 2005 .

[27]  Arkadiusz Kalicki,et al.  Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology Institute of Electronics Systems , 2005 .

[28]  Bundschuh,et al.  Department of Physics , 2005 .

[29]  P. Ferrari,et al.  Ettore Majorana , 1977 .

[30]  M. Knecht,et al.  2 , 180 00 Prague 8 , Czech Republic , 2022 .