A Review On Recent Advancements In Signal Processing and Sensing Technologies for AUVs

In the last few decades, oceanic exploration, especially deep-sea exploration, has gained the attention of many explorers, business tycoons, and environmentalists.71% of the Earth is covered by the ocean, but the human race is heading towards space exploration, disregarding the abundant resources present in the ocean. Indeed, cutting-edge sensing technologies cannot meet all underwater observational requirements due to the exceedingly novel and complex undersea environment. Computer vision and navigation are essential technologies for autonomous underwater operations. For a feasible outcome of computer vision, we need optimum image processing meet the Insufficient light and low-quality picture augmentation required in an underwater environment as a prerequisite underwater vision. However, if the vision and navigation are apparent and subtle, it can result in many applications. Therefore, this review paper mainly focuses on the latest existing technologies that can applied for advanced underwater imaging, videography, mapping, and their integration for 3D image reconstruction, detection, and tracking by taking the influence of a variety of underwater parameters turbidity, alkalinity, density, refractive index, salinity, temperature, particulates, lighting, scattering effect, etc.) into account. AUVs are the most necessary and sufficient systems for underwater exploration and research.