How to Improve Education Outcomes

[1]  I. Mbiti,et al.  Back to the Basics: Curriculum Reform and Student Learning in Tanzania , 2022 .

[2]  David K. Evans,et al.  How Big Are Effect Sizes in International Education Studies? , 2022, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.

[3]  E. Duflo,et al.  The Impact of Free Secondary Education: Experimental Evidence from Ghana , 2021, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[4]  R. Sabates,et al.  Assessing cost-effectiveness with equity of a programme targeting marginalised girls in secondary schools in Tanzania , 2020, Journal of Development Effectiveness.

[5]  J. Habyarimana,et al.  The Cyclical Electoral Impacts of Programmatic Policies: Evidence from Education Reforms in Tanzania , 2020 .

[6]  The Human Capital Index 2020 Update , 2020 .

[7]  Abhijeet Singh.  Learning More with Every Year: School Year Productivity and International Learning Divergence , 2020, Journal of the European Economic Association.

[8]  Matthew A. Kraft,et al.  Interpreting Effect Sizes of Education Interventions , 2020 .

[9]  Mauricio Romero,et al.  Outsourcing Education: Experimental Evidence from Liberia , 2020, American Economic Review.

[10]  M. Alfonso,et al.  Changing Pedagogy to Improve Skills in Preschools: Experimental Evidence from Peru , 2019, The World Bank Economic Review.

[11]  D. Filmer,et al.  Improving Preschool Provision and Encouraging Demand: Heterogeneous Impacts of a Large-Scale Program , 2019, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[12]  M. Pradhan,et al.  Contrasting Experiences: Understanding the Longer-Term Impact of Improving Access to Preschool Education in Rural Indonesia , 2019 .

[13]  Nathaniel Hendren,et al.  A Unified Welfare Analysis of Government Policies , 2019, The Quarterly Journal of Economics.

[14]  F. Lopez Boo,et al.  Cost-Effective Public Daycare in a Low-Income Economy Benefits Children and Mothers , 2019, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[15]  O. Attanasio,et al.  The effects of the transition from home-based childcare to childcare centers on children’s health and development in Colombia , 2019, Early childhood research quarterly.

[16]  David K. Evans,et al.  Equivalent Years of Schooling: A Metric to Communicate Learning Gains in Concrete Terms , 2019 .

[17]  Aart C. Kraay.  The World Bank Human Capital Index: A Guide , 2019, The World Bank Research Observer.

[18]  Nelly P. Stromquist,et al.  World Development Report 2019: The changing nature of work , 2019, International Review of Education.

[19]  D. Filmer,et al.  Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS): Defining a New Macro Measure of Education , 2018, Economics of Education Review.

[20]  B. Piper,et al.  Scaling up successfully: Lessons from Kenya’s Tusome national literacy program , 2018, Journal of Educational Change.

[21]  I. Mbiti,et al.  Inputs, Incentives, and Complementarities in Education: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania , 2018, The Quarterly Journal of Economics.

[22]  Deon Filmer,et al.  Learning to realize education's promise , 2018 .

[23]  Sebastian Martinez,et al.  Preschool and Child Development Under Extreme Poverty: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Rural Mozambique , 2017 .

[24]  Barb Bruns,et al.  Through the Looking Glass: Can Classroom Observation and Coaching Improve Teacher Performance in Brazil? , 2017, Economics of Education Review.

[25]  Harini Kannan,et al.  Cognitive science in the field: A preschool intervention durably enhances intuitive but not formal mathematics , 2017, Science.

[26]  Elizabeth L. Turner,et al.  Improving Literacy Instruction in Kenya Through Teacher Professional Development and Text Messages Support: A Cluster Randomized Trial , 2017 .

[27]  C. Jackson,et al.  Reducing Inequality Through Dynamic Complementarity: Evidence from Head Start and Public School Spending , 2017, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy.

[28]  Felipe Barrera-Osorio,et al.  The Impact of Public-Private Partnerships on Private School Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Uganda , 2016, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[29]  K. Muralidharan,et al.  Disrupting Education? Experimental Evidence on Technology-Aided Instruction in India , 2016, American Economic Review.

[30]  Yaojiang Shi,et al.  Pay by Design: Teacher Performance Pay Design and the Distribution of Student Achievement , 2016, Journal of Labor Economics.

[31]  C. Meghir,et al.  Education Quality and Teaching Practices , 2016, The Economic Journal.

[32]  M. Neuman,et al.  Combining Preschool Teacher Training with Parenting Education: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial , 2016, Journal of Development Economics.

[33]  Harini Kannan,et al.  Mainstreaming an Effective Intervention: Evidence from Randomized Eavluations of 'Teaching at the Right Level' in India , 2016 .

[34]  Rajeev Dehejia,et al.  Unintended Consequences of Rewards for Student Attendance: Results from a Field Experiment in Indian Classrooms , 2016 .

[35]  Scott Rozelle,et al.  Evaluating the effectiveness of computers as tutors in China , 2016 .

[36]  Johannes Haushofer,et al.  THE SHORT-TERM IMPACT OF UNCONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS TO THE POOR: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM KENYA. , 2016, The quarterly journal of economics.

[37]  M. Foguel,et al.  The impact of the expansion of the Bolsa Familia Program on the time allocation of youths and their parents , 2016 .

[38]  D. de Walque,et al.  Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation of the Household Welfare Impacts of Conditional and Unconditional Cash Transfers Given to Mothers or Fathers , 2016 .

[39]  Mark Hoekstra,et al.  Peer Quality and the Academic Benefits to Attending Better Schools , 2016, Journal of Labor Economics.

[40]  Farzana Afridi,et al.  The Mixture as Before? Student Responses to the Changing Content of School Meals in India , 2016, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[41]  P. Glewwe,et al.  A Better Vision for Development: Eyeglasses and Academic Performance in Rural Primary Schools in China , 2016 .

[42]  Patrick J. McEwan,et al.  Do Education and Health Conditions Matter in a Large Cash Transfer? Evidence from a Honduran Experiment , 2016, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[43]  Linda A Akach,et al.  Improving procedural and conceptual mathematics outcomes: evidence from a randomised controlled trial in Kenya , 2016 .

[44]  A. Banerjee,et al.  Removing barriers to higher education in Chile: evaluation of peer effects and scholarships for test preparation , 2016 .

[45]  N. Noorderhaven,et al.  Uncertainty Avoidance and the Rate of Business Ownership Across 21 OECD Countries, 1976-2004 , 2006 .

[46]  Linxiu Zhang,et al.  Persistence of learning gains from computer assisted learning: Experimental evidence from China , 2015, J. Comput. Assist. Learn..

[47]  Karthik Muralidharan,et al.  Double for Nothing? Experimental Evidence on the Impact of an Unconditional Teacher Salary Increase on Student Performance in Indonesia , 2015 .

[48]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Does computer-assisted learning improve learning outcomes? Evidence from a randomized experiment in migrant schools in Beijing , 2015 .

[49]  Anne Forster,et al.  Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial , 2015, Stroke.

[50]  M. Kremer,et al.  Worms at Work: Long-run Impacts of a Child Health Investment , 2015, The quarterly journal of economics.

[51]  Felipe Barrera-Osorio,et al.  Teacher Performance Pay: Experimental Evidence from Pakistan , 2015 .

[52]  Daniel O. Gilligan,et al.  The Impact of Bolsa Família on Schooling , 2015 .

[53]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Teaching the Language of Wider Communication, Minority Students, and Overall Educational Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Qinghai Province, China , 2015, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[54]  Moussa P. Blimpo,et al.  Parental Human Capital and Effective School Management: Evidence from the Gambia , 2015 .

[55]  James Berry,et al.  The impact of mother literacy and participation programs on child learning: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in India , 2015 .

[56]  Celia J. Gomez,et al.  Experimental impacts of a teacher professional development program in Chile on preschool classroom quality and child outcomes. , 2015, Developmental psychology.

[57]  Anna Popova,et al.  Insecure Property Rights and the Missing Middle , 2015 .

[58]  E. Duflo,et al.  A wide angle view of learning: evaluation of the CCE and LEP programmes in Haryana, India , 2015 .

[59]  M. Adelman,et al.  Increasing Access by Waiving Tuition: Evidence from Haiti , 2015, Comparative Education Review.

[60]  Francisco Parro,et al.  The Effects of Vouchers on School Results: Evidence from Chile’s Targeted Voucher Program , 2014, Journal of Human Capital.

[61]  Rodimiro Rodrigo,et al.  Closing the achievement gap in mathematics: evidence from a remedial program in Mexico City , 2014 .

[62]  Shari Krishnaratne,et al.  Quality education for all children? What works in education in developing countries , 2014 .

[63]  Edward Miguel,et al.  Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities, Guide to Replication of Miguel and Kremer (2004) , 2014 .

[64]  Alina Machado,et al.  The Impact of a One Laptop Per Child Program on Learning: Evidence from Uruguay , 2014, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[65]  I. Sharif,et al.  Can Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Education and Nutrition Outcomes for Poor Children in Bangladesh? Evidence from a Pilot Project , 2014 .

[66]  Moussa P. Blimpo.  Team Incentives for Education in Developing Countries A Randomized Field Experiment in Benin , 2014 .

[67]  Adrienne M. Lucas,et al.  Improving Early-Grade Literacy in East Africa: Experimental Evidence from Kenya and Uganda * , 2014 .

[68]  Deon Filmer,et al.  The Medium-Term Effects of Scholarships in a Low-Income Country , 2014, The Journal of Human Resources.

[69]  Dean Yang,et al.  Channeling Remittances to Education: A Field Experiment Among Migrants from El Salvador , 2014, American economic journal. Applied economics.

[70]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Improving the Health and Education of Elementary Schoolchildren in Rural China: Iron Supplementation Versus Nutritional Training for Parents , 2014 .

[71]  L. Santibañez,et al.  School based management effects: Resources or governance change? Evidence from Mexico , 2014 .

[72]  K. Kosec,et al.  Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfers in Tanzania: Results from a Randomized Trial , 2014 .

[73]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Encouraging classroom peer interactions: Evidence from Chinese migrant schools , 2014 .

[74]  M. Berlin,et al.  The Impact of a Food for Education Program on Schooling in Cambodia , 2014 .

[75]  Hau Chyi,et al.  The effects of tuition reforms on school enrollment in rural China , 2014 .

[76]  Elizabeth L. Turner,et al.  Impact of Intermittent Screening and Treatment for Malaria among School Children in Kenya: A Cluster Randomised Trial , 2014, PLoS medicine.

[77]  Futoshi Yamauchi.  An alternative estimate of school-based management impacts on students’ achievements: evidence from the Philippines , 2014 .

[78]  Leigh L. Linden,et al.  Loose Knots: Strong Versus Weak Commitments to Save for Education in Uganda , 2014, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[79]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Do You Get What You Pay for with School-Based Health Programs? Evidence from a Child Nutrition Experiment in Rural China , 2013 .

[80]  A. Diagne,et al.  Evaluation of the Impact of School Canteen Programs on Internal Efficiency of Schools, Cognitive Acquisitions and Learning Capacities of Students in Rural Primary Schools in Senegal , 2013 .

[81]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Can Information and Counseling Help Students from Poor Rural Areas Go to High School? Evidence from China , 2013 .

[82]  R. Weiss,et al.  Animal source foods have a positive impact on the primary school test scores of Kenyan schoolchildren in a cluster-randomised, controlled feeding intervention trial , 2013, British Journal of Nutrition.

[83]  Andrea Vigorito,et al.  Teenage School Attendance and Cash Transfers: An Impact Evaluation of PANES , 2013, Economía.

[84]  Karthik Muralidharan,et al.  Preliminary and Incomplete: Please do not cite or circulate without authors’ permission The Aggregate Effect of School Choice: Evidence from a two-stage experiment in India , 2012 .

[85]  T. Nguyen,et al.  Information, Role Models and Perceived Returns to Education Experimental Evidence from Madagascar , 2013 .

[86]  K. Muralidharan,et al.  Cycling to School: Increasing Secondary School Enrollment for Girls in India , 2013, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[87]  A. Pathmeswaran,et al.  Cluster‐randomised trial of the impact of school‐based deworming and iron supplementation on the cognitive abilities of schoolchildren in Sri Lanka's plantation sector , 2013, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

[88]  S. Rozelle,et al.  The Impact of Vouchers on Preschool Attendance and Elementary School Readiness: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural China , 2013 .

[89]  E. Edmonds,et al.  You Get What You Pay for: Schooling Incentives and Child Labor , 2013 .

[90]  Sarah D. Humpage.  Essays on Child Development in Developing Countries , 2013 .

[91]  D. Elbourne,et al.  The Support to Rural India's Public Education System (STRIPES) Trial: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial of Supplementary Teaching, Learning Material and Material Support , 2013, PloS one.

[92]  Felipe Barrera-Osorio,et al.  Incentivizing Schooling for Learning: Evidence on the Impact of Alternative Targeting Approaches , 2013, The Journal of Human Resources.

[93]  Leigh L. Linden,et al.  Bringing Education to Afghan Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Village-Based Schools , 2013 .

[94]  Leigh L. Linden,et al.  The Effects of 'Girl-Friendly' Schools: Evidence from the Bright School Construction Program in Burkina Faso , 2012, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[95]  Cecilia Adrogué,et al.  Do In-School Feeding Programs Have an Impact on Academic Performance? The Case of Public Schools in Argentina , 2013 .

[96]  S. Rozelle,et al.  Impact of a Senior High School Tuition Relief Program on Poor Junior High School Students in Rural China , 2013 .

[97]  J. Spratt,et al.  Independent evaluation of the effectiveness of Institut pour l’Education Populaire’s “Read-Learn-Lead” (RLL) program in Mali. Endline Report , 2013 .

[98]  Scott Rozelle,et al.  Computer assisted learning as extracurricular tutor? Evidence from a randomised experiment in rural boarding schools in Shaanxi , 2013 .

[99]  Michael Kremer,et al.  The Challenge of Education and Learning in the Developing World , 2013, Science.

[100]  J. Eaton,et al.  Effects of unconditional and conditional cash transfers on child health and development in Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial , 2013, The Lancet.

[101]  Sebastian Galiani,et al.  The Heterogeneous Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers , 2013 .

[102]  G. Mwabu,et al.  Scaling Up What Works: Experimental Evidence on External Validity in Kenyan Education , 2013 .

[103]  O. Gajigo.  Closing the education gender gap: estimating the impact of girls' scholarship program in The Gambia , 2012 .

[104]  Petra E. Todd,et al.  Aligning Learning Incentives of Students and Teachers: Results from a Social Experiment in Mexican High Schools , 2012, Journal of Political Economy.

[105]  Tomás Rau,et al.  Tournament Incentives for Teachers: Evidence from a Scaled-Up Intervention in Chile , 2012, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[106]  D. Gilligan,et al.  The Impact of Food for Education Programs on School Participation in Northern Uganda , 2012, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[107]  Leigh L. Linden,et al.  School Libraries and Language Skills in Indian Primary Schools: A Randomized Evaluation of the Akshara Library Program , 2012 .

[108]  R. Zeckhauser,et al.  The Returns to Education in China: Evidence from the 1986 Compulsory Education Law , 2012 .

[109]  Stephen P. Ryan,et al.  Incentives Work: Getting Teachers to Come to School , 2012 .

[110]  Junko Onishi,et al.  Should Aid Reward Performance? Evidence from a Field Experiment on Health and Education in Indonesia , 2012, American economic journal. Applied economics.

[111]  The Kenya CT-OVC Evaluation Team.  The impact of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on human capital , 2012 .

[112]  Esther Duflo,et al.  School Governance, Teacher Incentives, and Pupil-Teacher Ratios: Experimental Evidence from Kenyan Primary Schools , 2012 .

[113]  P. Glewwe,et al.  The impact of the Bolsa Escola/Familia conditional cash transfer program on enrollment, dropout rates and grade promotion in Brazil , 2012 .

[114]  Ana Santiago,et al.  Technology and Child Development: Evidence from the One Laptop Per Child Program , 2012, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[115]  Rajshri Jayaraman,et al.  The Impact of School Lunches on Primary School Enrollment: Evidence from India's Midday Meal Scheme , 2011, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[116]  P. Glewwe,et al.  The impacts of school management reforms in Madagascar: do the impacts vary by teacher type? , 2011 .

[117]  Eric A. Hanushek,et al.  School Resources and Educational Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Literature from 1990 to 2010. NBER Working Paper No. 17554. , 2011 .

[118]  Leigh L. Linden,et al.  Improving Reading Skills by Encouraging Children to Read in School: , 2011, The Journal of Human Resources.

[119]  Taryn Dinkelman,et al.  Investing in Schooling In Chile: The Role of Information about Financial Aid for Higher Education , 2011, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[120]  Amanda Beatty,et al.  Improving Educational Quality Through Enhancing Community Participation: Results from a Randomized Field Experiment in Indonesia , 2011 .

[121]  Cristian Pop-Eleches,et al.  Going to a Better School: Effects and Behavioral Responses , 2011 .

[122]  Karthik Muralidharan,et al.  School Inputs, Household Substitution, and Test Scores , 2011 .

[123]  B. Piper,et al.  EGRA Plus: Liberia. Program Evaluation Report. , 2011 .

[124]  Frederico Finan,et al.  Local Electoral Incentives and Decentralized Program Performance , 2010, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[125]  C. Jackson,et al.  Can Higher-Achieving Peers Explain the Benefits to Attending Selective Schools?: Evidence from Trinidad and Tobago , 2010 .

[126]  H. Oosterbeek,et al.  Can Provision of Free School Uniforms Harm Attendance? Evidence from Ecuador , 2010 .

[127]  Robert T. Jensen,et al.  The (Perceived) Returns to Education and the Demand for Schooling , 2010 .

[128]  Sarah Baird,et al.  Cash or Condition? Evidence from a Cash Transfer Experiment , 2010 .

[129]  J. Heckman,et al.  The Rate of Return to the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program , 2009, Journal of public economics.

[130]  Cristián Bellei,et al.  Does lengthening the school day increase students’ academic achievement? Results from a natural experiment in Chile , 2009 .

[131]  Eric A. Hanushek,et al.  Do better schools lead to more growth? Cognitive skills, economic outcomes, and causation , 2009, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[132]  Esther Duflo,et al.  Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya , 2008 .

[133]  E. Edmonds,et al.  Poverty Alleviation and Child Labor , 2008 .

[134]  P. Glewwe,et al.  Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya , 2007 .

[135]  Gustavo J. Bobonis,et al.  Anemia and School Participation , 2006, The Journal of Human Resources.

[136]  Marco Manacorda,et al.  Giving Children a Better Start: Preschool Attendance and School-Age Profiles , 2006 .

[137]  P. Gertler,et al.  The Effect of Pre-Primary Education on Primary School Performance , 2006 .

[138]  H. Patrinos,et al.  Empowering Parents to Improve Education : Evidence from Rural Mexico , 2006 .

[139]  M. Kremer,et al.  The Two-Margin Problem in Insurance Markets , 2004, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[140]  T. Schultz.  SCHOOL SUBSIDIES FOR THE POOR: EVALUATING THE MEXICAN PROGRESA POVERTY PROGRAM , 2012 .

[141]  Alan D. Lopez,et al.  Evidence-Based Health Policy--Lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study , 1996, Science.

[142]  Joseph S. Pliskin,et al.  Utility Functions for Life Years and Health Status , 1980, Oper. Res..

[143]  Rosetta Stone.  Rosetta Stone Policy Brief Establishing a concordance between regional (ERCE/PASEC) and international (TIMSS/PIRLS) assessments Rosetta Stone Policy Brief Establishing a concordance between regional (ERCE/PASEC) and international (TIMSS/PIRLS) assessments , 2022 .

[144]  A. Islam.  Parent–teacher meetings and student outcomes: Evidence from a developing country , 2019, European Economic Review.

[145]  S. Vansteelandt,et al.  How much can we remedy very low learning levels in rural parts of low-income countries? Impact and generalizability of a multi-pronged para-teacher intervention from a cluster-randomized trial in the Gambia , 2019 .

[146]  Philippines Conditional Cash Transfer Program Impact Evaluation 2012 Executive Summary , 2018 .

[147]  Sarojini Hirshleifer.  Incentives for Effort or Outputs? A Field Experiment to Improve Student Performance , 2017 .

[148]  Yared Seid.  The Impact of Learning in Mother Tongue First: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Ethiopia , 2017 .

[149]  R. Thornton,et al.  The Impact of Teacher Effectiveness on Student Learning in Africa , 2017 .

[150]  Anna Popova,et al.  Unpacking Teacher Professional Development , 2017 .

[151]  I. Mbiti,et al.  Inputs, Incentives, and Complementarities in Primary Education: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania , 2016 .

[152]  S. Berlinski.  Reducing parent-school information gaps and improving education outcomes: Evidence from high frequency text messaging in Chile , 2016 .

[153]  Karthik Muralidharan,et al.  Improving Education Outcomes in Developing Countries: Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Policy Implications , 2016 .

[154]  David K. Evans,et al.  Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Development: Accounting for Local Costs and Noisy Impacts , 2016 .

[155]  Diether W. Beuermann,et al.  One Laptop per Child at Home: Short-Term Impacts from a Randomized Experiment in Peru† , 2015 .

[156]  R. Thornton,et al.  Making the Grade: Understanding What Works for Teaching Literacy in Rural Uganda , 2015 .

[157]  Shwetlena Sabarwal,et al.  The Permanent Textbook Hypothesis : School Inputs and Student Outcomes in Sierra Leone , 2014 .

[158]  I. Woolard,et al.  Cash Transfers and Teen Education : Evidence from South Africa , 2014 .

[159]  Uttam Sharma.  Can Computers Increase Human Capital in Developing Countries? An Evaluation of Nepal’s One Laptop per Child Program , 2014 .

[160]  J. Garn,et al.  A cluster-randomized trial assessing the impact of school water, sanitation and hygiene improvements on pupil enrolment and gender parity in enrolment , 2013 .

[161]  R. Garlick.  How Price Sensitive is Primary and Secondary School Enrollment ? Evidence from Nationwide Tuition Fee Reforms in South Africa ∗ , 2013 .

[162]  Hellen N. Inyega,et al.  Impact of malaria control and enhanced literacy instruction on educational outcomes among Kenyan school children : a multi-sectoral , prospective , randomised evaluation , 2013 .

[163]  Rebecca Dizon-Ross.  Parents’ perceptions and children’s education: Experimental evidence from Malawi , 2013 .

[164]  C. Meghir,et al.  Early Childhood Stimulation , Micronutrient Supplementation and Child Development : A Randomised Control Trial , 2012 .

[165]  A. Barr,et al.  Information and collective action in the community monitoring of schools : Field and lab experimental evidence from Uganda ∗ , 2012 .

[166]  Rebecca Lynn Thornton,et al.  Menstruation, Sanitary Products, and School Attendance: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation , 2011 .

[167]  Niall Keleher,et al.  Conditional Cash Transfers: Reducing Present and Future Poverty , 2009 .

[168]  P. Glewwe,et al.  The Impact of the Bolsa Escola/Familia Conditional Cash Transfer Program on Enrollment, Grade Promotion and Drop out Rates in Brazil , 2008 .

[169]  Thomas J. Kane.  The Impact of After-School Programs: Interpreting the Results of Four Recent Evaluations , 2004 .

[170]  P. Schultz.  IMPACT OF PROGRESA ON SCHOOL ATTENDANCE RATES IN THE SAMPLED POPULATION , 2000 .

[171]  G W Torrance,et al.  A utility maximization model for evaluation of health care programs. , 1972, Health services research.

[172]  J Eaton,et al.  Sanitation and Education. , 1880, Public health papers and reports.