Raumorientierung in virtuellen Umgebungen

Die computergestutzte Simulation virtueller Realitaten (VR) bietet interessante neue Moglichkeiten der Untersuchung von Fragen der Raumwahrnehmung und Raumkognition (Ellis, 1991; Regian, Shebilske, & Monk, 1992; Wickens & Baker, 1995). Methodische Vorteile gegenuber herkommlichen Methoden der Untersuchung von raumlich-kognitiven Leistungen ergeben sich beispielsweise aus der erhohten Freiheit bei der Gestaltung von Rauminhalten und -strukturen (z.B. Kontrolle von Vorerfahrung, gezielte Manipulation von Umwelteigenschaften), aus den erweiterten Eingriffsmoglichkeiten in die Kopplung von Wahrnehmung und Handlung (z.B. Variation der zur Verfugung stehenden propriozeptiven Informationsquellen), aber auch aus den bequemen Moglichkeiten der Online-Erfassung von raumlichen Verhaltensdaten (z.B. elektronische Aufzeichnung von Bewegungstrajektorien). Bislang liegen vergleichsweise wenige Beispiele fur die Nutzung von virtuellen Umgebungen zu Zwecken der grundlagenorientierten Kognitionsforschung vor. Mit den rapiden Entwicklungen im Bereich der VR-Technologien durfte sich dieses Bild aber schon bald andern (Brauer, Freksa, Habel, & Wender, 1995; Durlach & Mavor, 1995).

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