Variations of Cup-to-Disc Ratio in Age Group (18-40) Years Old

Purpose: The objective of this study is the early detection of increased cup to disc ratio and a survey study of cup-disc ratio in Beni-Sueif population in middle age group (18-40) years. Methods: Three hundred patients were enrolled in this study (60% females and 40% males with age ranged from 18-40 years). IOP and C/D ratios were measured for each patient, and visual field was performed for suspected pathological conditions. Results: In this study, we observed 2.4% of cases with difference in C/D ratio between the two eyes >0.2 (which is considered the accepted difference), 4.7% showed difference by 0.2 and 4.3% of them are glaucomatous patients, 10.7% of the patients show physiological cupping. The mean IOP for the right eye (14.7 ± 0.3) is nearly equal to that of the left eye (14.6 ± 0.3), 13 patients (4.3%) showed difference by 4 mmHg or more, 4 patients (1.3 %) were normal and the rest 9 patients (3%) were glaucomatous. Conclusion: Documentation and follow up of C/D ratio is important in early detection of glaucoma and other factors that cause cupping in normal population. Difference in binocular cupping more than 0.2, binocular difference in IOP by more than 4 mmHg and increased C/D ratio more than 0.3 raises the suspicion of glaucoma.