In this paper, through the analysis and comparison of three commonly used atmospheric environmental capacity estimation methods, we find that the existing methods have many limitations in the aspects of data base and the factors considered. Taking Xuzhou City in Jiangsu Province as an example, based on the air pollution multi-source model, environmental impact assessment and primary pollutant simulation are carried out by using remote sensing data, ground monitoring station data, pollution emission inventory data and meteorological data. In addition, the iterative algorithm of multi-pollutant environmental capacity with the joint constraint of $\text{PM}_{2.5}$ and $\mathrm{O}_{3}$ is established to recalculate the urban atmospheric environmental capacity.