Magnetic forces acting on molten drops in gas metal arc welding

In gas metal arc welding, magnetic forces arising from the interaction of the welding current with its own magnetic field play an important role in the detachment of drops from the molten welding electrode. These forces drive the dynamic evolution of the drop and also depend on the instantaneous shape of the drop. In this paper, experimentally observed manifestations of magnetic forces are shown and a technique for approximating the temporal evolution of the axial magnetic force from experimentally measured drop shapes is reported. The technique provides quantitative data illustrating the large increase in the magnetic forces when a drop detaches from the electrode.

[1]  John Lancaster,et al.  The Physics of Welding , 1984 .

[2]  Lawrence Anthony Jones,et al.  Dynamic electrode forces in gas metal arc welding , 1995 .

[3]  Jeffrey H. Lang,et al.  A dynamic model of drops detaching from a gas metal arc welding electrode , 1998 .

[4]  J. Amson,et al.  Lorentz force in the molten tip of an arc electrode , 1965 .

[5]  H. Maecker,et al.  Plasmaströmungen in Lichtbögen infolge eigenmagnetischer Kompression , 1955 .

[6]  Hermann A. Haus,et al.  Electromagnetic Fields And Energy , 1989 .

[7]  Parry Moon,et al.  Field Theory Handbook , 1961 .

[8]  W. J. Greene.  An analysis of transfer in gas-shielded welding arcs , 1960, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part II: Applications and Industry.

[9]  V. Nemchinsky.  The effect of the type of plasma gas on current constriction at the molten tip of an arc electrode , 1996 .

[10]  R. Becker.  Electromagnetic fields and interactions , 1982 .

[11]  Thomas W. Eagar,et al.  Analysis of metal transfer in gas metal arc welding , 1993 .

[12]  IańM Richardson,et al.  The physics of welding, 2nd ed.: Edited by J. F. Lancaster. Pp. 340. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1986. Hardcover £32.00 ($55.00), Flexicover £16.25 ($28.00) , 1988 .

[13]  Elijah Kannatey-Asibu,et al.  Observation of metal transfer during gas metal arc welding , 1991 .

[14]  H. B. Dwight,et al.  Tables of Integrals and Other Mathematical Data , 1934 .

[15]  O. H. Nestor.  Heat Intensity and Current Density Distributions at the Anode of High Current, Inert Gas Arcs , 1962 .