Autopercepção de saúde bucal conforme o Perfil de Impacto da Saúde Bucal (OHIP) e fatores associados: revisão sistemática

OBJETIVO: Avaliar sistematicamente a literatura a fim de identificar a existencia de associacao entre fatores sociais, demograficos, economicos, psicossociais e comportamentais e a autopercepcao da condicao de saude bucal aferida pelo Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). METODOS: Nesta revisao sistematica da literatura, foram adaptados os criterios de qualidade Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), sem metanalise, mas como proposta principal de uma metassumarizacao qualitativa. Foram selecionados artigos sobre saude bucal e fatores associados com implicacoes na qualidade de vida, com foco no instrumento para analise da autopercepcao do processo saude-doenca bucal, o OHIP. As bases acessadas foram a PubMed/National Library of Medicine (NLM) e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saude, BVS/BIREME. Foram incluidas publicacoes compreendendo o periodo de 2001 a 2011 com o uso de descritores padronizados (Medical Subject Headings, MeSH): oral health, quality of life, sickness impact profile e socioeconomic factors. RESULTADOS: Dos 57 artigos localizados, 20 foram selecionados de acordo com os criterios de inclusao adotados. A metassumarizacao permitiu identificar que a pior autopercepcao da saude bucal foi associada a fatores sociais, economicos, demograficos, psicossociais e comportamentais desfavoraveis, bem como a condicoes clinicas bucais ruins. CONCLUSOES: Houve concordância na literatura sobre as influencias dos fatores pesquisados na autopercepcao em saude bucal e na qualidade de vida, sendo o OHIP um importante auxiliar no esclarecimento de necessidades em saude bucal e na elaboracao de estrategias para controle/reducao de doencas e promocao da saude bucal, com impacto positivo na qualidade de vida.

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