A Secure and Efficient Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme for Vehicular Networks with Batch Verification Using Cuckoo Filter

The wireless nature of vehicular networks causes serious security and privacy issues that need to be addressed. To satisfy the security and privacy requirements in vehicular networks, a number of certificateless signature based authentication schemes have been proposed as it not only avoid certificate management issue in PKI-based solutions but also solves the key escrow problem in solutions that depends on ID-based signatures. However, many schemes are inefficient due to the use of computationally intensive bilinear pairing operation and map-to-point hash function. To further improve efficiency, schemes supporting batch verification is highly desirable. In this paper, based on a pairing-free online/offline certificateless signature scheme, we propose a secure and efficient privacy-preserving authentication scheme for vehicular networks by specifically improving the batch verification efficiency using cuckoo filter. The signature scheme does not use the expensive pairing operations or map-to-point hash functions, thus has a higher computation efficiency. More importantly, by using the cuckoo filters, the roadside units can generate a notification message for vehicles about the validity of the signatures in the batch verification to assist the message authentication of vehicles. Moreover, the binary search method is used in the batch verification process to avoid dropping the whole batch in case an invalid signature exists. Our proposed scheme is secure, efficient and it satisfies all the security and privacy requirements of vehicular networks.