Code Flexibility of 2-D Time-Spreading Wavelength-Hopping In OCDMA Systems

The potential performance and successful experimental demonstrations of two-dimensional time-spreading wavelength-hopping (TW) optical code-division multiple access systems have motivated a large volume of research into the development of new TW codes. The choice of the code is crucial in network design since the code not only affects the overall system performance but also sets limits on the physical implementation of the encoding-decoding process. In this paper, ldquoflexibilityrdquo of TW codes is investigated, providing clarity on the tradeoff between key code factors, specifically the number of available wavelengths and time chips. Network performance is evaluated by taking into consideration multiple access interference and beat noise at both the physical and link layers. Furthermore, a general formula describing the impact of the extinction ratio (ER) on the bit-error probability is explored. The results indicate the importance of code flexibility and ER in system performance optimization.

[2]  Robert M. Gagliardi,et al.  Design and performance analysis of wavelength/time (W/T) matrix codes for optical CDMA , 2003 .

[3]  Yong Hyub Won,et al.  Time-wavelength hybrid optical CDMA system with tunable encoder/decoder using switch and fixed delay-line , 2003 .

[4]  G. Karlsson,et al.  On error-correction coding for CDMA PON , 2005, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[5]  Ken-ichi Kitayama,et al.  2.5 Gbit/s time-spread/wavelength-hop optical code division multiplexing using fibre Bragg grating with supercontinuum light source , 2000 .

[6]  I. Andonovic,et al.  Incoherent optical code division multiple access systems , 1996, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications.

[7]  S. Oshiba,et al.  Experimental study on time-spread/wavelength-hop optical code division multiplexing with group delay compensating en/decoder , 2004, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[8]  Yue-Kai Huang,et al.  On the Experimental Characterization of Beat Noise in 2-D Time-Spreading Wavelength-Hopping OCDMA Systems , 2006, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[9]  W.C. Kwong,et al.  Wavelength-hopping time-spreading optical CDMA with bipolar codes , 2005, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[10]  A.M. Weiner,et al.  Experimental Investigation of Security Issues in O-CDMA , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[11]  Jawad A. Salehi,et al.  Code division multiple-access techniques in optical fiber networks. I. Fundamental principles , 1989, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[12]  L.A. Rusch,et al.  Experimental comparison of coherent versus incoherent sources in a four-user /spl lambda/-t OCDMA system at 1.25 Gb/s , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[13]  Bong Kyu Kim,et al.  A new family of 2-D wavelength/time spreading code for optical-code division multiple-access system with balanced detection , 2004, The 6th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, 2004..

[14]  L.R. Chen.  Flexible fiber Bragg grating encoder/decoder for hybrid wavelength-time optical CDMA , 2001, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[15]  N. Wada,et al.  10-user, truly-asynchronous OCDMA experiment with 511-chip SSFBG en/decoder and SC-based optical thresholder , 2005, OFC/NFOEC Technical Digest. Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2005..

[16]  I. Andonovic,et al.  Performance analysis of 2-D time-wavelength OCDMA systems with coherent light sources: code design considerations , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[17]  Namkyoo Park,et al.  Design of new family of two-dimensional wavelength-time spreading codes for optical code division multiple access networks , 1999 .

[18]  K. Takiguchi,et al.  Integrated-optic encoder/decoder for time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical CDMA , 2005, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[19]  B. Jalali,et al.  Fast wavelength-hopping time-spreading encoding/decoding for optical CDMA , 2000, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[20]  Yue-Kai Huang,et al.  Integrated holographic encoder for wavelength-hopping/time-spreading optical CDMA , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[21]  Guu-chang Yang,et al.  Extended carrier-hopping prime codes for wavelength-time optical code-division multiple access , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[22]  Edward H. Sargent,et al.  Comparison of diverse optical CDMA codes using a normalized throughput metric , 2003, IEEE Communications Letters.

[23]  Alan E. Willner,et al.  System limitations due to chromatic dispersion and receiver bandwidth for 2-D time-wavelength OCDMA systems , 2003, The 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2003. LEOS 2003..

[24]  I. Andonovic,et al.  Mitigation of Beat Noise in Time–Wavelength Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Systems , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[25]  Edward H. Sargent,et al.  Dispersion in multiwavelength optical code-division multiple-access systems: impact and remedies , 2002, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[26]  A. Nishiki,et al.  10 Gb/s x 2 ch signal unrepeated transmission over 100 km of data rate enhanced time-spread/wavelength-hopping OCDM using 2.5-Gb/s-FBG en/decoder , 2003, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[27]  Cheng-Yuan Chang,et al.  Wavelength-time codes with maximum cross-correlation function of two for multicode-keying optical CDMA , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[28]  Guu-chang Yang,et al.  Multiple-length multiple-wavelength optical orthogonal codes for optical CDMA systems supporting multirate multimedia services , 2004, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[29]  E. Mutafungwa,et al.  Multiclass optical orthogonal codes for multiservice optical CDMA networks , 2006, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[30]  Jongyoon Shin,et al.  Wavelength-time spreading optical CDMA system using wavelength multiplexers and mirrored fiber delay lines , 2000 .

[31]  S. Wan,et al.  Two-dimensional optical CDMA differential system with prime/OOC codes , 2001 .

[32]  C. Shu,et al.  Multiwavelength self-seeded Fabry-Perot laser with subharmonic pulse-gating for two-dimensional fiber optic-CDMA , 2001, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[33]  Ivan Glesk.  Demonstration of differentiated service provisioning with 4-node 253G chip/s fast frequency-hopping time-spreading OCDMA , 2004 .

[34]  L.R. Chen,et al.  Demonstration of incoherent wavelength-encoding/time-spreading optical CDMA using chirped moire gratings , 2000, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[35]  Wing C. Kwong,et al.  Prime Codes with Applications to CDMA Optical and Wireless Networks , 2002 .

[36]  Li Bin,et al.  One-coincidence sequences with specified distance between adjacent symbols for frequency-hopping multiple access , 1997, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[37]  R. Fischer,et al.  Experimental demonstration and scalability analysis of a four-node 102-Gchip/s fast frequency-hopping time-spreading optical CDMA network , 2005, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[38]  Lawrence R. Chen,et al.  Proof-of-principle demonstration of a wavelength-encoding/time-spreading optical code-division multiple access system using in-fiber chirped Moire gratings , 2000, CLEO 2000.

[39]  J. Bajcsy,et al.  Design and performance of 2-D codes for wavelength-time optical CDMA , 2002, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[40]  Leslie A. Rusch,et al.  Impact of the beat noise on the performance of 2-D optical CDMA systems , 2000, IEEE Communications Letters.

[41]  Paul R. Prucnal,et al.  Demonstration of all-optical format conversion from wavelength-hopping time-spreading to non-return-to-zero , 2006 .

[42]  Moshe Tur,et al.  Hybrid wavelength hopping/time spreading code division multiple access systems , 1996 .