Integrated optical frequency shifter in silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) technology.

We demonstrate for the first time a waveguide-based frequency shifter on the silicon photonic platform using single-sideband modulation. The device is based on silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) electro-optic modulators, which combine conventional silicon-on-insulator waveguides with highly efficient electro-optic cladding materials. Using small-signal modulation, we demonstrate frequency shifts of up to 10 GHz. We further show large-signal modulation with optimized waveforms, enabling a conversion efficiency of -5.8 dB while suppressing spurious side-modes by more than 23 dB. In contrast to conventional acousto-optic frequency shifters, our devices lend themselves to large-scale integration on silicon substrates, while enabling frequency shifts that are several orders of magnitude larger than those demonstrated with all-silicon serrodyne devices.

[1]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  High-Speed, Low Drive-Voltage Silicon-Organic Hybrid Modulator Based on a Binary-Chromophore Electro-Optic Material , 2014, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[2]  Raluca Dinu,et al.  100 GHz silicon–organic hybrid modulator , 2014, Light: Science & Applications.

[3]  Juerg Leuthold,et al.  Digitally Controlled Phase Shifter Using an SOI Slot Waveguide With Liquid Crystal Infiltration , 2015, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[4]  W. Shieh,et al.  1-Tb/s single-channel coherent optical OFDM transmission over 600-km SSMF fiber with subwavelength bandwidth access. , 2009, Optics express.

[5]  Siegfried Janz,et al.  High-directionality fiber-chip grating coupler with interleaved trenches and subwavelength index-matching structure. , 2015, Optics letters.

[6]  Youngkyu Park,et al.  Heterodyne interferometer scheme using a double pass in an acousto-optic modulator. , 2011, Optics letters.

[7]  R. Baets,et al.  Optical frequency shifter on SOI using thermo-optic serrodyne modulation , 2010, 7th IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics.

[8]  C. Koos,et al.  Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) and Plasmonic-Organic Hybrid (POH) Integration , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[9]  Bruce H. Robinson,et al.  Matrix-Assisted Poling of Monolithic Bridge-Disubstituted Organic NLO Chromophores , 2014 .

[10]  Isao Aoki,et al.  Ultra-thin silicon/electro-optic polymer hybrid waveguide modulators , 2015 .

[11]  Gunther Roelkens,et al.  Heterodyne laser Doppler vibrometers integrated on silicon-on-insulator based on serrodyne thermo-optic frequency shifters. , 2013, Applied optics.

[12]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  Femtojoule electro-optic modulation using a silicon–organic hybrid device , 2015, Light: Science & Applications.

[13]  Ivo Rendina,et al.  Thermo-optical modulation at 1.5 mu m in silicon etalon , 1992 .

[14]  Xingyu Zhang,et al.  Wide optical spectrum range, subvolt, compact modulator based on an electro-optic polymer refilled silicon slot photonic crystal waveguide. , 2013, Optics letters.

[15]  C. Delisle,et al.  Optical frequency shifter for heterodyne interferometry using counterrotating wave plates. , 1984, Optics letters.

[16]  Qianfan Xu,et al.  Guiding and confining light in void nanostructure. , 2004, Optics letters.

[17]  R Lawson,et al.  Optical modulation and detection in slotted Silicon waveguides. , 2005, Optics express.

[18]  Ray T. Chen,et al.  High Performance Optical Modulator Based on Electro-Optic Polymer Filled Silicon Slot Photonic Crystal Waveguide , 2016, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[19]  Akira Otomo,et al.  Electro-optic polymer/silicon hybrid slow light modulator based on one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides , 2013 .

[20]  Michael Hochberg,et al.  Low-loss asymmetric strip-loaded slot waveguides in silicon-on-insulator , 2011 .

[21]  Liam P. Barry,et al.  Spectral linewidth reduction of single-mode and mode-locked lasers using a feed-forward heterodyne detection scheme , 2014, 2014 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) - Laser Science to Photonic Applications.

[22]  Yi Zhang,et al.  Silicon Photonics: The Next Fabless Semiconductor Industry , 2013, IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine.

[23]  W. Freude,et al.  Connecting Silicon Photonic Circuits to Multicore Fibers by Photonic Wire Bonding , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[24]  M. Izutsu,et al.  Integrated optical SSB modulator/frequency shifter , 1981 .

[25]  Larry R Dalton,et al.  Electric field poled organic electro-optic materials: state of the art and future prospects. , 2010, Chemical reviews.

[26]  D Hillerkuss,et al.  42.7 Gbit/s electro-optic modulator in silicon technology. , 2011, Optics express.

[27]  Michael Hochberg,et al.  Design of transmission line driven slot waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometers and application to analog optical links. , 2010, Optics express.

[28]  T. Baehr‐Jones,et al.  Silicon-polymer hybrid slot waveguide ring-resonator modulator. , 2011, Optics express.

[29]  Georg Siegmund,et al.  High-precision laser vibrometers based on digital Doppler signal processing , 2002, International Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser Techniques: Advances and Applications.

[30]  J P Salvestrini,et al.  Analysis and Control of the DC Drift in LiNbO$_{3}$-Based Mach–Zehnder Modulators , 2011, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[31]  Charles H. Cox,et al.  Serrodyne optical frequency translation with high sideband suppression , 1988 .

[32]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  Silicon-organic hybrid phase shifter based on a slot waveguide with a liquid-crystal cladding. , 2012, Optics express.

[33]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  Lasing in silicon–organic hybrid waveguides , 2016, Nature Communications.

[34]  David J. Thomson,et al.  Silicon optical modulators , 2010 .

[35]  Jie Sun,et al.  Open Foundry Platform for High-performance Electronic-photonic Integration References and Links , 2022 .

[36]  T. Kawanishi,et al.  Single side-band modulation performance of a LiNbO3 integrated modulator consisting of four-phase modulator waveguides , 2001, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[37]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  40 GBd 16QAM Signaling at 160 Gb/s in a Silicon-Organic Hybrid Modulator , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[38]  Jingdong Luo,et al.  Tuning the Kinetics and Energetics of Diels−Alder Cycloaddition Reactions to Improve Poling Efficiency and Thermal Stability of High-Temperature Cross-Linked Electro-Optic Polymers , 2010 .

[39]  C. Koos,et al.  Low-Loss Silicon Strip-to-Slot Mode Converters , 2013, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[40]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  Optical absorption in silicon layers in the presence of charge inversion/accumulation or ion implantation , 2013 .

[41]  Jingdong Luo,et al.  Tailored Organic Electro-optic Materials and Their Hybrid Systems for Device Applications† , 2011 .

[42]  Wolfgang Freude,et al.  Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) and Plasmonic-Organic Hybrid (POH) Integration , 2016 .

[43]  P. Verheyen,et al.  High-efficiency fiber-to-chip grating couplers realized using an advanced CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator platform. , 2010, Optics express.