Evaluation of interfacial relaxation due to water absorption in fiber-polymer composites

Abstract Water penetration in composite materials of different interfacial strengths has been studied and explained as the result of two parallel processes, i.e., diffusion through the polymer matrix and through a network of micro-channels formed along the imperfectly bonded polymer-fiber interface. Such channels along the exterior of the loose fiber are presumed to contribute a mesoscopic “free volume” to the composite which is conductive to diffusion. An analytical method based on an adaptation of the free volume theory approach is proposed for estimating the incipient looseness and any further interfacial relaxation caused by water absorption in composite materials.

[1]  M. Akay,et al.  Influence of moisture on the thermal and mechanical properties of autoclaved and oven-cured Kevlar-49/epoxy laminates , 1997 .

[2]  David Turnbull,et al.  Molecular Transport in Liquids and Glasses , 1959 .

[3]  C. Papaspyrides,et al.  Woven glass fabric/polyester composites: effect of interface tailoring on water absorption , 2005 .

[4]  Model for Anomalous Moisture Diffusion through a Polymer-Clay Nanocomposite , 2002, cond-mat/0206268.

[5]  Arthur K. Doolittle,et al.  Studies in Newtonian Flow. II. The Dependence of the Viscosity of Liquids on Free‐Space , 1951 .

[6]  V. Srivastava.  Influence of water immersion on mechanical properties of quasi-isotropic glass fibre reinforced epoxy vinylester resin composites , 1999 .

[7]  R. Young,et al.  Introduction to Polymers , 1983 .

[8]  George S. Springer,et al.  Environmental effects on composite materials , 1981 .

[9]  G. Zhang,et al.  Optical investigation of AC preflashover of alumina ceramic in vacuum , 2004 .

[10]  O. Karlsson,et al.  Estimating diffusion coefficients for small molecules in polymers and polymer solutions , 2001 .

[11]  G. Marom,et al.  Prediction of Moisture Diffusion Parameters in Composite Materials Under Stress , 1987 .

[12]  P. Gudmundson,et al.  Moisture absorption in glass-fibre/epoxy laminates with transverse matrix cracks , 1999 .

[13]  Morton E. Gurtin,et al.  On a Model for Two Phase Diffusion in Composite Materials , 1979 .

[14]  Y. Weitsman,et al.  Coupled damage and moisture-transport in fiber-reinforced, polymeric composites , 1987 .

[15]  C. Papaspyrides,et al.  Polyamide coated Kevlar™ fabric in epoxy resin: mechanical properties and moisture absorption studies , 2000 .

[16]  S. Tsai,et al.  Introduction to composite materials , 1980 .

[17]  Carl R. Schultheisz,et al.  Effects of environmental aging on the properties of pultruded GFRP , 1999 .

[18]  A. Dibenedetto,et al.  Evaluation of surface treatments for glass fibers in composite materials , 1989 .

[19]  Z. Xiang,et al.  Thermal-spike-enhanced moisture absorption by polymer-matrix carbon-fibre composites , 1997 .

[20]  A. Yee,et al.  Effect of temperature on moisture absorption in a bismaleimide resin and its carbon fiber composites , 2002 .

[21]  H. Hamada,et al.  Weight-change analysis of the interphase in hygrothermally aged FRP: Consideration of debonding , 1997 .

[22]  C. C. Chamis,et al.  Simplified composite micromechanics equations for hygral, thermal and mechanical properties , 1983 .

[23]  Z. Ishak,et al.  Effects of hygrothermal aging and a silane coupling agent on the tensile properties of injection molded short glass fiber reinforced poly(butylene terephthalate) composites , 2001 .

[24]  P. Ehrburger.  Interface in composite materials , 1980, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[25]  P. Vallittu,et al.  The influence of short-term water storage on the flexural properties of unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced composites. , 2002, Biomaterials.

[26]  M. Kumosa,et al.  Water diffusion into and electrical testing of composite insulator GRP rods , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation.

[27]  G. Springer,et al.  Moisture Absorption and Desorption of Composite Materials , 1976 .

[28]  Constantine D. Papaspyrides,et al.  The effect of hygrothermal history on water sorption and interlaminar shear strength of glass/polyester composites with different interfacial strength , 2003 .

[29]  Yifu Ding,et al.  Study on diffusion behavior of water in epoxy resins cured by active ester , 2003 .

[30]  David L. Angst,et al.  Moisture absorption characteristics of organosiloxane self-assembled monolayers , 1991 .

[31]  S. Zhang,et al.  E-Glass/Vinylester Composites in Aqueous Environments – I: Experimental Results , 2003 .

[32]  John Crank,et al.  The Mathematics Of Diffusion , 1956 .

[33]  M. Altan,et al.  Combined Edge and Anisotropy Effects on Fickian Mass Diffusion in Polymer Composites , 2004 .

[34]  L. Carlsson,et al.  Analysis of Modulus and Strength of Dry and Wet Thermoset and Thermoplastic Composites Loaded in Transverse Tension , 1994 .

[35]  G. Marom.  Environmental Effects on Fracture Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites , 1989 .

[36]  John Scheirs,et al.  Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers: A Practical Approach , 2000 .

[37]  N. Peppas,et al.  Water transport in epoxy resins , 1993 .

[38]  C. Papaspyrides,et al.  Mechanical properties of glass fabric/polyester composites: Effect of silicone coatings on the fabrics , 2004 .

[39]  K. G. Kibler,et al.  Langmuir-Type Model for Anomalous Moisture Diffusion In Composite Resins , 1978 .

[40]  Ya-Jun Guo,et al.  A correlation between fluid-induced damage and anomalous fluid sorption in polymeric composites , 2002 .

[41]  Klaus Friedrich,et al.  Application of fracture mechanics to composite materials , 1989 .

[42]  Maciej Kumosa,et al.  Moisture absorption properties of unidirectional glass/polymer composites used in composite (non-ceramic) insulators , 2004 .

[43]  George S. Springer,et al.  Environmental Effects on the Elastic Moduli of Composite Materials , 1977 .

[44]  G. Marom.  The Role of Water Transport in Composite Materials , 1985 .

[45]  Jang‐Kyo Kim,et al.  Moisture barrier characteristics of organoclay-epoxy nanocomposites , 2005 .

[46]  Piggott,et al.  Water Absorption of Resins and Composites: IV. Water Transport in Fiber Reinforced Plastics , 1988 .

[47]  F. Thominette,et al.  Factors governing water absorption by composite matrices , 2002 .

[48]  Jiming Zhou,et al.  Hygrothermal effects of epoxy resin. Part I: the nature of water in epoxy , 1999 .

[49]  D. Bond.  Moisture Diffusion in a Fiber-reinforced Composite: Part I – Non-Fickian Transport and the Effect of Fiber Spatial Distribution , 2005 .

[50]  J. Thomason.  The interface region in glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin composites: 2. Water absorption, voids and the interface , 1995 .