[Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases].

Opinions on the interdependence between diabetes mellitus and oral periodontal disease are controversial. Experimental and clinical investigations carried out so far have not brought unique results. General objective of our research is to investigate on the strictly defined group of subjects aged 35-44 with diabetes mellitus type I the influence of metabolic control HbA1C on changes of periodontium and other organs. According to duration of diabetes mellitus the patients are divided into subdecade and postdecade groups. This group consists of 56 patients out of which 33 patients are with subdecade and 23 with postdecade insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this group periodontal pocket depths, gingival index, number of extracted teeth and the volume of nonstimulated saliva are measured in comparison with a control group. The incidence of oral diseases and complications in other organs of insulin-dependent patients in subdecade and postdecade period are also examined and recorded. Periodontal diabetic disease is verified by pathohistological findings. Values of HbA1C in either subdecade or postdecade group with diabetes mellitus are above normal values. Values of periodontal pocket depths as well as the values of gingival index are substantially greater at insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients compared to the control group.