Near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the prediction of carbon and nitrogen in an Oxisol Espectroscopia de reflectancia difusa por infrarrojo cercano (NIR) para la predicción de carbono y nitrógeno de un Oxisol

RESUMEN The characterization of soil properties through laboratory analysis is an essential part of the diagnosis of the potential use of lands and their fertility. Conventional chemical analyzes are expensive and time consuming, hampering the adoption of crop management technologies, such as precision agriculture. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the prediction of the carbon and nitrogen of Typic Hapludox. In the A and B horizons, 1,240 samples were collected in order to determine the total carbon (TC) and nitrogen (TN) contents, obtain the NIR spectral curve, and build models using partial least squares regression. The use of diffuse reflectance spec troscopy and statistical techniques allowed for the quantifica tion of the TC with adequate models of prediction based on a small number of samples, an residual prediction deviation RPD greater than 2.0, an R 2 greater than 0.80 and a low root mean square error RMSE. For TN, models with a good level of prediction were not obtained. The results based on the NIR models were able to be integrated directly into the geostatistical evaluations, obtaining similar digital maps from the observed and predicted TC. The use of pedometric techniques showed promising results for these soils and constitutes a basis for the development of this area of research on soil science in Colombia. La caracterizacion de las propiedades del suelo mediante analisis de laboratorio es parte esencial en el diagnostico del potencial de uso de las tierras y de su fertilidad. Los analisis quimicos convencionales son costosos y demorados, lo que dificulta la adopcion de tecnologias de gestion de cultivos, como la agricultura de precision. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de la espectroscopia de reflectancia difusa por infrarrojo lejano (NIR) en la prediccion del carbono y del nitrogeno de un Typic Hapludox. Se recolectaron 1.240 muestras en los horizontes A y B, para determinar los contenidos de carbono total (TC) y nitrogeno total (TN), obtener las respuestas espectrales NIR y elaborar los modelos mediante regresion por minimos cuadrados parciales. El uso de las espectroscopia de reflectancia difusa y de tecnicas estadisticas permitio la cuantificacion del TC, con modelos de prediccion adecuados con bajo numero de muestras, desviacion residual de la prediccion RPD mayores de 2,0, R 2 mayores de 0,80 y error cuadratico medio RMSE bajos. Para TN no se obtuvieron modelos con buen nivel de prediccion. Para TC, los resultados obtenidos a partir de los modelos NIR pudieron integrarse directamente en las evaluaciones geoestadisticas, obteniendo mapas digitales y espectro-digitales similares. El uso de las tecnicas pedometricas, mostro resultados promisorios para estos suelos y se constituye en una base para el desarrollo de esta area de investigacion de la ciencia del suelo en Colombia.

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