THE CONTROL OF SPEECH PRODUCTION

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the control of speech production. Control signals are entirely open loop and for the most part related in a one-to-one way with linguistically defined units, the phonemes. The term coarticulation denotes an overlap in the production of gestures for successive segments of an utterance. Overlap in adjacent segments is inevitable as the speech-production apparatus cannot move instantaneously from one configuration to another. Coarticulation does not necessarily respect any hypothetical unit boundary in continuous speech. Two directions of coarticulation are important: (1) right-to-left or anticipatory and (2) left-to-right or perseveratory effects. The motor control of the surface manifestation of phonemes is not invariant in terms of the precise form of the gestures composing it. The temporal control of speech production is the result of the interaction of two major components: (1) a specification of basic properties of segments including targets and coarticulation rules, and (b) a superimposed timing component that systematically shapes observed segment durations and sometimes target attainment as a function of a number of variables.

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