Uterine torsion in mares.

Uterine torsion typically occurs during mid to late gestation and is estimated to cause 5% to 10% of all equine obstetric emergencies. Clinical signs include abdominal pain that may be mistaken for gastrointestinal distress, parturition, or abortion. Uterine torsion is an emergency for the mare and fetus, and early recognition and intervention are essential to optimizing the chance of survival. This article reviews the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of uterine torsion in mares.

[1]  G. Robinson.  Pregnancy loss. , 2014, Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology.

[2]  R. H. Douglas.  ENDOCRINE DIAGNOSTICS IN THE BROODMARE : WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT PROGESTINS AND ESTROGENS , 2009 .

[3]  R. Hospes,et al.  Surgical treatment of uterine torsion using a ventral midline laparotomy in 19 mares. , 2008, Australian veterinary journal.

[4]  L. Warnick,et al.  A study of 55 field cases of uterine torsion in dairy cattle. , 2008, The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne.

[5]  P. Hansen,et al.  Transrectal ultrasonography and plasma progestin profiles identifies feto-placental compromise in mares with experimentally induced placentitis. , 2007, Theriogenology.

[6]  M. Story.  CHAPTER 65 – Prefoaling and Postfoaling Complications , 2007 .

[7]  J. Hauptman,et al.  The effect of uterine torsion on mare and foal survival: a retrospective study, 1985--2005. , 2007, Equine veterinary journal.

[8]  R. Embertson.  Chapter 68 – Ovaries and Uterus , 2006 .

[9]  O. Swarbrick.  Uterine torsion in cattle in the UK , 2005, Veterinary Record.

[10]  B. Dolente.  Critical peripartum disease in the mare. , 2004, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice.

[11]  C. Natalini,et al.  Epidural anesthesia and analgesia in horses. , 2002, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice.

[12]  D. Freeman,et al.  Clinical signs and treatment of chronic uterine torsion in two mares. , 2002, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[13]  J. Hubbell.  Options for Field Anesthesia in the Horse , 1999 .

[14]  D. Ruffin,et al.  Uterine torsion associated with small intestinal incarceration in a mare at 126 days of gestation. , 1995, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[15]  G. Frazer,et al.  Reproductive emergencies in the mare. , 1994, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice.

[16]  P. Sertich.  Periparturient emergencies. , 1994, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice.

[17]  D. Varner,et al.  Management of dystocia in mares: uterine torsion and Cesarean section , 1989 .

[18]  R. Lofstedt,et al.  Evaluation of the ability of altrenogest to control the equine estrous cycle. , 1989, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[19]  E. Reinertson,et al.  Nonsurgical treatment of uterine torsion in seven mares. , 1988, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[20]  J. Pascoe,et al.  Surgical management of uterine torsion in the mare: a review of 26 cases. , 1981, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[21]  G. Wilson,et al.  Uterine torsion. , 1977, Modern veterinary practice.

[22]  P. Bonté,et al.  1) Some Aspects of Equine Obstetrics , 1972 .

[23]  H. Pearson.  Uterine torsion in cattle: a review of 168 cases , 1971, Veterinary Record.