The Status of Media Effects on Body Image Research: Commentary on Articles in the Themed Issue on Body Image and Media

There is increasingly convincing evidence that media-promoted unrealistic thin ideals are associated with detrimental effects on women and girls' moods, body image, and eating patterns. Accordingly, media effects on body image have become an important area of research—one with theoretical and practical implications. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief introduction to the articles included in this themed issue of Media Psychology to clarify how they inform us and what remains to be investigated. As a set, the articles well exemplify current trends in this research area and contribute to an increasingly complex and sophisticated understanding of the role of the media in body image.

[1]  Jennifer L. Bevan,et al.  The Influence of Television and Film Viewing on Midlife Women's Body Image, Disordered Eating, and Food Choice , 2014 .

[2]  Kimberly L. Bissell Skinny Like You: Visual Literacy, Digital Manipulation and Young Women's Drive to be Thin , 2006 .

[3]  Michael P. Levine,et al.  Influence of Mass Media on Body Image and Eating Disordered Attitudes and Behaviors in Females: A Review of Effects and Processes , 2010 .

[4]  M. Coovert,et al.  The Tripartite Influence model of body image and eating disturbance: a covariance structure modeling investigation testing the mediational role of appearance comparison. , 2002, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[5]  Stephen C. Want,et al.  Meta-analytic moderators of experimental exposure to media portrayals of women on female appearance satisfaction: Social comparisons as automatic processes. , 2009, Body image.

[6]  L. Festinger A Theory of Social Comparison Processes , 1954 .

[7]  J. Wardle,et al.  Internalization of ideal body shapes in 9-12-year-old girls. , 2003, The International journal of eating disorders.

[8]  M. Tiggemann Media exposure, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: television and magazines are not the same! , 2003 .

[9]  J. Kulik,et al.  Effects of social comparisons with peers on women's body satisfaction and exercise behavior. , 2007, The International journal of eating disorders.

[10]  M. Tiggemann,et al.  "I would rather be size 10 than have straight A's": a focus group study of adolescent girls' wish to be thinner. , 2000, Journal of adolescence.

[11]  Marika Tiggemann,et al.  NetTweens The Internet and Body Image Concerns in Preteenage Girls , 2014 .

[12]  Robin L. Nabi,et al.  Inspired by Hope, Motivated by Envy: Comparing the Effects of Discrete Emotions in the Process of Social Comparison to Media Figures , 2014 .

[13]  M. Tiggemann,et al.  NetGirls: the Internet, Facebook, and body image concern in adolescent girls. , 2013, The International journal of eating disorders.

[14]  Marika Tiggemann,et al.  The contribution of peer and media influences to the development of body satisfaction and self-esteem in young girls: a prospective study. , 2006, Developmental psychology.

[15]  Kristen Harrison,et al.  Television Viewing, Fat Stereotyping, Body Shape Standards, and Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Grade School Children , 2000, Commun. Res..

[16]  Elly A. Konijn,et al.  Counteracting Media's Thin-Body Ideal for Adolescent Girls: Informing Is More Effective Than Warning , 2014 .

[17]  Shelley E. Taylor,et al.  Theory and Research Concerning Social Comparisons of Personal Attributes , 2001 .

[18]  Sarah K. Murnen,et al.  “Everybody Knows That Mass Media Are/Are Not [pick one] a Cause of Eating Disorders”: A Critical Review of Evidence for a Causal Link Between Media, Negative Body Image, and Disordered Eating in Females , 2009 .

[19]  L. M. Ward,et al.  The role of the media in body image concerns among women: a meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. , 2008, Psychological bulletin.

[20]  M. Tiggemann,et al.  Disclaimer labels on fashion magazine advertisements: effects on social comparison and body dissatisfaction. , 2013, Body image.

[21]  M. Tiggemann,et al.  Media Exposure, Body Dissatisfaction, and Disordered Eating in Middle-aged Women , 2011 .

[22]  Sarah K. Murnen,et al.  The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: a meta-analytic review. , 2002, The International journal of eating disorders.

[23]  Kristen Harrison,et al.  Virtually Perfect: Image Retouching and Adolescent Body Image , 2014 .

[24]  M. Tiggemann Body image across the adult life span: stability and change. , 2004, Body image.

[25]  J. Thompson,et al.  Effects of exposure to thin-ideal media images on body dissatisfaction: testing the inclusion of a disclaimer versus warning label. , 2013, Body image.

[26]  B. Silverstein,et al.  The role of the mass media in promoting a thin standard of bodily attractiveness for women , 1986 .

[27]  E. Zurbriggen,et al.  The sexualization of girls and girlhood : causes, consequences, and resistance , 2013 .