Comparison of models of fuel cells based on experimental data for the design of power electronics systems

Fuel cells have a key role in the potential provision of combined generation of heat and power. Sophisticated power management algorithms have been developed to reduce hydrogen consumption. An accurate analysis of the interaction between the fuel cell system and the front-end power converter is fundamental to achieving high performances. Accurate modelling of the entire system is required, especially the primary energy source, including the auxiliary components. Fuel cell modelling techniques have been presented extensively in the literature. Models are usually oriented to give technical insight concerning the fuel cell systems. The importance of fuel cell modelling in the design and control of front-end power converters seldom has been addressed, and this has led to highly complex model structures and the need to assume the values of several parameters that cannot be measured easily in a power electronics laboratory. Such models are not well suited for designing renewable energy systems. Hence, semi-empirical models oriented to the design of power systems are presented and compared. Both white-box and black-box modelling approaches are presented, and both models were tested on a 5-kW commercial fuel cell system provided by Nuvera. Both modelling approaches were validated comparing the simulation and experimental results.

[1]  Pierre R. Roberge,et al.  Parametric modelling of the performance of a 5-kW proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stack , 1994 .

[2]  Grigorios C. Koltsakis,et al.  Modeling of automotive fuel cell operation in driving cycles , 2004 .

[3]  Ashwin M. Khambadkone,et al.  Modeling of a PEM Fuel-Cell Stack for Dynamic and Steady-State Operation Using ANN-Based Submodels , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[4]  Mustapha Hatti,et al.  Dynamic neural network controller model of PEM fuel cell system , 2009 .

[5]  M. Y. El-Sharkh,et al.  Neural network model of 100 W portable PEM fuel cell and experimental verification , 2010 .

[6]  Shehab Ahmed,et al.  PEM Fuel Cell Stack Model Development for Real-Time Simulation Applications , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  Donald R. Cahela,et al.  Uniformity analysis at MEA and stack Levels for a Nexa PEM fuel cell system , 2004 .

[8]  Qi Li,et al.  Parameter Identification for PEM Fuel-Cell Mechanism Model Based on Effective Informed Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[9]  Alireza Rezazadeh,et al.  An Innovative Global Harmony Search Algorithm for Parameter Identification of a PEM Fuel Cell Model , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[10]  Ned Djilali,et al.  Three-dimensional computational analysis of transport phenomena in a PEM fuel cell—a parametric study , 2003 .

[11]  Stéphan Astier,et al.  A Large-Signal and Dynamic Circuit Model of a $\hbox{H}_{2}/\hbox{O}_{2}$ PEM Fuel Cell: Description, Parameter Identification, and Exploitation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[12]  Abdellatif Miraoui,et al.  A Multiphysic Dynamic 1-D Model of a Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel-Cell Stack for Real-Time Simulation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[13]  Vincenzo Antonucci,et al.  High power fuel cell simulator based on artificial neural network , 2010 .

[14]  Ralph E. White,et al.  A water and heat management model for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells , 1993 .

[15]  J. C. Amphlett,et al.  Incorporation of voltage degradation into a generalised steady state electrochemical model for a PEM fuel cell , 2002 .

[16]  K. Agbossou,et al.  Characterization of a Ballard MK5-E Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack , 2001 .

[17]  Rosario Miceli,et al.  Fuel Cell Analytical Modeling: solving the trade-off between accuracy and complexity , 2013 .

[18]  Carlos Andrés Ramos-Paja,et al.  A PEM Fuel-Cell Model Featuring Oxygen-Excess-Ratio Estimation and Power-Electronics Interaction , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[19]  Marcos V. Moreira,et al.  A practical model for evaluating the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells , 2009 .

[20]  Rosario Miceli,et al.  MATLAB-based simulator of a 5 kW fuel cell for power electronics design , 2013 .

[21]  Alain Bouscayrol,et al.  From Modeling to Control of a PEM Fuel Cell Using Energetic Macroscopic Representation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.