The Photopathology and Nature of the Blue Light and Near-UV Retinal Lesions Produced by Lasers and Other Optical Sources

The literature prior to 1916 has been reviewed exhaustively by Walker (1916) in his systematic account of the effects of radiant energy upon the eye. Birch-Hirschfeld (1912) had postulated that the visible portion of the solar spectrum was responsible for solar retinitis and/or eclipse blindness and that the effects of sunlight on the retina were abiotic in nature. However, his opinions were contested by Verhoeff and Bell (1916), who produced what they considered incontrovertible evidence that solar retinitis and/or eclipse blindness resulted from thermal effects on the retina.

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