Highly sensitive and selective amperometric nitrite sensor based on electrochemically activated graphite modified screen printed carbon electrode

Abstract A novel and sensitive amperometric nitrite sensor has been developed using electrochemically activated graphite (EAG) modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the first time. The enhanced oxidation peak current (Ipa) with lower oxidation overpotential (Epa) of nitrite is observed at EAG modified SPCE than that of electrochemically activated SPCE and graphite/SPCE. Under optimum conditions, the linear response of nitrite is found from 0.1 μM to 16.4 mM with a lower limit of detection of 38 nM. The sensitivity is calculated as 0.126 μA μM−1 cm−2. The EAG modified SPCE exhibits its high selectivity in the presence of common ions and biological co-active interfering species. In addition, the fabricated nitrite sensor shows a good repeatability, reproducibility and long term stability along with excellent practicality.

[1]  Ya Zhang,et al.  Electrocatalysis and detection of nitrite on a reduced graphene/Pd nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode , 2013 .

[2]  Xiangqin Lin,et al.  Cooperative effect of Pt nanoparticles and Fe(III) in the electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite , 2004 .

[3]  B. Piela,et al.  Oxidation of Nitrites on Solid Electrodes I. Determination of the Reaction Mechanism on the Pure Electrode Surface , 2002 .

[4]  I. Ferreira,et al.  Quantification of residual nitrite and nitrate in ham by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector. , 2008, Talanta.

[5]  R. Yuan,et al.  Study on the application of reduced graphene oxide and multiwall carbon nanotubes hybrid materials for simultaneous determination of catechol, hydroquinone, p-cresol and nitrite. , 2012, Analytica chimica acta.

[6]  Huan Pang,et al.  A sensitive and selective nitrite sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles and sulfonated graphene , 2013, Microchimica Acta.

[7]  P. Mikuška,et al.  Simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate in water by chemiluminescent flow-injection analysis , 2003 .

[8]  Di Zhang,et al.  Direct electrodeposion of reduced graphene oxide and dendritic copper nanoclusters on glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical detection of nitrite , 2013 .

[9]  Joseph Wang,et al.  Activation of glassy carbon electrodes by alternating current electrochemical treatment , 1985 .

[10]  K. Ho,et al.  A novel poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/iron phthalocyanine/multi-wall carbon nanotubes nanocomposite with high electrocatalytic activity for nitrite oxidation. , 2010, Talanta.

[11]  G. Raspi,et al.  Voltammetric behavior of nitrite ion on platinum in neutral and weakly acidic media. , 1972, Analytical chemistry.

[12]  M. Pumera,et al.  Electrochemical activation of carbon nanotube/polymer composites. , 2009, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[13]  Y. Liu,et al.  Layer-by-layer construction of graphene/cobalt phthalocyanine composite film on activated GCE for application as a nitrite sensor , 2013 .

[14]  R. Compton,et al.  Electrochemical determination of nitrite at a bare glassy carbon electrode; why chemically modify electrodes? , 2010 .

[15]  Hui Li,et al.  Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Sulphite and Nitrite by a Gold Nanoparticle/Graphene-Chitosan Modified Electrode , 2013 .

[16]  Yanbin Li,et al.  An amperometric sensor based on ionic liquid and carbon nanotube modified composite electrode for the determination of nitrite in milk , 2013 .

[17]  Tzu-Ying Wu,et al.  Iron nanoparticles decorated graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode for the sensitive determination of nitrite , 2014, Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry.

[18]  S. Sornambikai,et al.  Selective covalent immobilization of catechol on activated carbon electrodes , 2010 .

[19]  Jonathan P. Metters,et al.  Electroanalytical applications of screen printed microelectrode arrays , 2013 .

[20]  Li Li,et al.  Electrochemical determination of nitrite in water samples using a glassy carbon electrode modified with didodecyldimethylammonium bromide , 2009 .

[21]  Selvakumar Palanisamy,et al.  Highly selective dopamine electrochemical sensor based on electrochemically pretreated graphite and nafion composite modified screen printed carbon electrode. , 2013, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[22]  Jonathan P. Metters,et al.  Electroanalytical properties of screen printed graphite microband electrodes , 2012 .

[23]  Liqiang Luo,et al.  A novel nitrite sensor based on graphene/polypyrrole/chitosan nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. , 2011, The Analyst.

[24]  Jyh-Myng Zen,et al.  Disposable electrochemical sensors: A mini review , 2014 .

[25]  Jianwei Guo,et al.  Electrocatalytical Oxidation of Nitrite and Its Determination Based on Au@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles , 2010 .

[26]  Xinming Li,et al.  Electrochemical oxidation behavior of nitrite on a chitosan-carboxylated multiwall carbon nanotube modified electrode , 2005 .

[27]  Mohamed Khairy,et al.  Electroanalytical sensing of nitrite at shallow recessed screen printed microelectrode arrays , 2010 .

[28]  R. McCreery,et al.  Quantitative relationship between electron transfer rate and surface microstructure of laser-modified graphite electrodes , 1989 .

[29]  Shen-Ming Chen,et al.  Highly selective amperometric nitrite sensor based on chemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode , 2012 .

[30]  Lun Wang,et al.  Electrochemical determination of nitrite and iodate by use of gold nanoparticles/poly(3-methylthiophene) composites coated glassy carbon electrode , 2008 .

[31]  Yikai Zhou,et al.  A novel nitrite biosensor based on single-layer graphene nanoplatelet-protein composite film. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.