Prospective study of the dietary inflammatory index and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women

Scope: Diet in relation to breast cancer etiology has been studied widely, but results have remained inconsistent. Various dietary components including fruits, vegetables, and meat have been implicated through their effects on inflammation. Using data from the Iowa Women's Health Study we examine prospectively the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and breast cancer incidence. Methods and results: DII scores were computed based on baseline dietary intake assessed by a validated 121‐item food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 34 700 women, aged 55–69 years at recruitment in 1986 and followed for incident breast cancer. During the 25‐year follow‐up period (1986–2011), 2910 incident breast cancer cases were identified. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We found positive associations between DII scores and breast cancer risk (HR for DIItertiles: T3 vs T1 = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.22), with stronger associations in obese women (HR for DIIcontinuous: 1.05 per unit increase in DII; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.12; HR for DIItertiles: T3 vs T1 = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.66, p‐value for interaction = 0.02). Conclusion: A proinflammatory diet, as indicated by higher DII scores, appears to increase the risk of developing breast cancer, especially in obese postmenopausal women.

[1]  C. la Vecchia,et al.  Association between the dietary inflammatory index and breast cancer in a large Italian case–control study , 2017, Molecular nutrition & food research.

[2]  I. Soerjomataram,et al.  Alcohol Use and Breast Cancer: A Critical Review. , 2016, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[3]  L. Hou,et al.  Association between dietary inflammatory potential and breast cancer incidence and death: results from the Women's Health Initiative , 2016, British Journal of Cancer.

[4]  Weijing Wang,et al.  Dietary total fat and fatty acids intake, serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies , 2016, International journal of cancer.

[5]  D. Jacobs,et al.  Association between inflammatory potential of diet and mortality in the Iowa Women’s Health study , 2016, European Journal of Nutrition.

[6]  H. Adami,et al.  Prospective study of dietary inflammatory index and risk of breast cancer in Swedish women , 2015, British Journal of Cancer.

[7]  J. Chang-Claude,et al.  Dietary inflammation potential and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in a German case-control study. , 2015, Breast.

[8]  L. Hou,et al.  Construct validation of the dietary inflammatory index among postmenopausal women. , 2015, Annals of epidemiology.

[9]  A. Jemal,et al.  Global cancer statistics, 2012 , 2015, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

[10]  C. la Vecchia,et al.  Association between dietary inflammatory index and prostate cancer among Italian men. , 2015, The British journal of nutrition.

[11]  C. la Vecchia,et al.  Dietary inflammatory index and risk of pancreatic cancer in an Italian case-control study. , 2015, The British journal of nutrition.

[12]  L. Hou,et al.  The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women: results from the Women’s Health Initiative , 2014, Cancer Causes & Control.

[13]  V. Moreno,et al.  Dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory gene interactions in relation to colorectal cancer risk in the Bellvitge colorectal cancer case–control study , 2014, Genes & Nutrition.

[14]  D. Reid,et al.  Patterns of dietary intake and serum carotenoid and tocopherol status are associated with biomarkers of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk , 2014, British Journal of Nutrition.

[15]  D. Jacobs,et al.  Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Iowa Women's Health Study , 2014, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

[16]  D. Marchioni,et al.  Breast cancer and dietary patterns: a systematic review. , 2014, Nutrition reviews.

[17]  I. Ockene,et al.  A population-based dietary inflammatory index predicts levels of C-reactive protein in the Seasonal Variation of Blood Cholesterol Study (SEASONS) , 2013, Public Health Nutrition.

[18]  N. Shivappa,et al.  Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary inflammatory index , 2013, Public Health Nutrition.

[19]  E. Jacobs,et al.  Vitamin D status and breast cancer in Saudi Arabian women: case-control study. , 2013, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[20]  Ju-Sheng Zheng,et al.  Intake of fish and marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: meta-analysis of data from 21 independent prospective cohort studies , 2013, BMJ.

[21]  C. Ulrich,et al.  Biomarkers of inflammation are associated with colorectal cancer risk in women but are not suitable as early detection markers , 2013, International journal of cancer.

[22]  P. Hojman,et al.  The role of intratumoral and systemic IL-6 in breast cancer , 2013, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[23]  J. Palmer,et al.  Postpartum remodeling, lactation, and breast cancer risk: summary of a National Cancer Institute-sponsored workshop. , 2013, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[24]  M. Touvier,et al.  Association between prediagnostic biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function and cancer risk: a nested case-control study. , 2013, American journal of epidemiology.

[25]  T. Greene,et al.  High dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. , 2012, Kidney international.

[26]  Megan C. McGinn,et al.  Combined Fruit and Vegetable Intake Is Correlated with Improved Inflammatory and Oxidant Status from a Cross-Sectional Study in a Community Setting , 2012, Nutrients.

[27]  V. Canzonieri,et al.  Diet, obesity and breast cancer: an update. , 2012, Frontiers in bioscience.

[28]  M. Uusitupa,et al.  A diet high in fatty fish, bilberries and wholegrain products improves markers of endothelial function and inflammation in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism in a randomised controlled trial: The Sysdimet study , 2011, Diabetologia.

[29]  Michael Karin,et al.  Inflammation and colon cancer. , 2010, Gastroenterology.

[30]  A. Geelen,et al.  Increased consumption of fatty and lean fish reduces serum C-reactive protein concentrations but not inflammation markers in feces and in colonic biopsies. , 2010, The Journal of nutrition.

[31]  V. Singh,et al.  Inflammation, microenvironment, and the immune system in cancer progression. , 2009, Current pharmaceutical design.

[32]  Paolo Vineis,et al.  Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[33]  K. Robien,et al.  Vitamin D intake and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women’s Health Study , 2007, Cancer Causes & Control.

[34]  T. Byers,et al.  IL6, Aspirin, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, and Breast Cancer Risk in Women Living in the Southwestern United States , 2007, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention.

[35]  DoubleTree Hotel Atlanta.  DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION NATIONAL CENTER FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL , 2006 .

[36]  A. Harris,et al.  Cytokine Dysregulation, Inflammation and Well-Being , 2005, Neuroimmunomodulation.

[37]  R. Dumitrescu,et al.  Understanding breast cancer risk ‐ where do we stand in 2005? , 2005, Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.

[38]  H. Schreiber,et al.  Inflammation as a tumor promoter in cancer induction. , 2004, Seminars in cancer biology.

[39]  S. Haffner,et al.  Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). , 2000, Circulation.

[40]  T. Sellers,et al.  Intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer. The Iowa Women's Health Study. , 1996, American journal of epidemiology.

[41]  T. Sellers,et al.  Mortality and cancer rates in nonrespondents to a prospective study of older women: 5-year follow-up. , 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

[42]  J. Potter,et al.  Increased incidence of carcinoma of the breast associated with abdominal adiposity in postmenopausal women. , 1990, American journal of epidemiology.

[43]  A. Miller,et al.  A study of repeatability of dietary data over a seven-year period. , 1989, American journal of epidemiology.

[44]  W. Willett,et al.  The use of a self-administered questionnaire to assess diet four years in the past. , 1988, American journal of epidemiology.

[45]  A. Geser,et al.  The reliability of questionnaire-derived historical dietary information and temporal stability of food habits in individuals. , 1984, American journal of epidemiology.

[46]  I. M. Neiman,et al.  [Inflammation and cancer]. , 1974, Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental'naia terapiia.