Micrometeorological methods for measuring gaseous losses of nitrogen in the field

While it has been recognised for many years that gaseous transfer is an important pathway in the terrestrial N cycle, it is only in recent times that direct field measurements have been made of the exchanges of nitrogenous gases between soils, plants and the atmosphere. Methods of three general kinds have been employed: those using diffusion theory to calculate gas transport in the soil profile; enclosure methods in which the flux density of the gas at the soil or water surface is calculated from changes in gas concentration in an enclosure placed over the surface; and micrometeorological techniques in which the vertical flux density of the gas is measured in the free air above the surface.

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