T‐helper 17 cells expand in multiple sclerosis and are inhibited by interferon‐β

T‐helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 lymphocytes are involved in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We characterized the Th1/Th17 cell populations in peripheral blood (PB), their interferon (IFN) receptor expression sensitivity to IFN‐β in MS patients.

[1]  R. Kastelein,et al.  Interleukin-23 rather than interleukin-12 is the critical cytokine for autoimmune inflammation of the brain , 2003, Nature.

[2]  Jorge R. Oksenberg,et al.  Gene-microarray analysis of multiple sclerosis lesions yields new targets validated in autoimmune encephalomyelitis , 2002, Nature Medicine.

[3]  R. D. Hatton,et al.  IL-17 family cytokines and the expanding diversity of effector T cell lineages. , 2007, Annual review of immunology.

[4]  G. Schreiber,et al.  The receptor of the type I interferon family. , 2007, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[5]  W. L. Benedict,et al.  Multiple Sclerosis , 2007, Journal - Michigan State Medical Society.

[6]  G. Forni,et al.  Expression and role in apoptosis of the alpha- and beta-chains of the IFN-gamma receptor on human Th1 and Th2 clones. , 1997, Journal of immunology.

[7]  J. Mussini,et al.  [Immunology of multiple sclerosis]. , 1982, La semaine des hopitaux : organe fonde par l'Association d'enseignement medical des hopitaux de Paris.

[8]  F. Sallusto,et al.  Interleukins 1beta and 6 but not transforming growth factor-beta are essential for the differentiation of interleukin 17-producing human T helper cells. , 2007, Nature immunology.

[9]  A. Compston,et al.  Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the international panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis , 2001, Annals of neurology.

[10]  D. Silberberg,et al.  New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines for research protocols , 1983, Annals of neurology.

[11]  M. Rovaris,et al.  Immunological patterns identifying disease course and evolution in multiple sclerosis patients , 2005, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[12]  J. Curtsinger,et al.  Cutting Edge: Type I IFNs Provide a Third Signal to CD8 T Cells to Stimulate Clonal Expansion and Differentiation1 , 2005, The Journal of Immunology.

[13]  B. Becher,et al.  Distinct and nonredundant in vivo functions of IFNAR on myeloid cells limit autoimmunity in the central nervous system. , 2008, Immunity.

[14]  I. Plavec,et al.  A monoclonal antibody to recombinant human IFN-alpha receptor inhibits biologic activity of several species of human IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-omega. Detection of heterogeneity of the cellular type I IFN receptor. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[15]  L. Conti,et al.  IFNgammaR2 trafficking tunes IFNgamma-STAT1 signaling in T lymphocytes. , 2006, Trends in immunology.

[16]  H. Link The cytokine storm in multiple sclerosis , 1998, Multiple sclerosis.

[17]  J. Kurtzke Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis , 1983, Neurology.

[18]  Jia Newcombe,et al.  Interleukin-17 production in central nervous system-infiltrating T cells and glial cells is associated with active disease in multiple sclerosis. , 2008, The American journal of pathology.

[19]  Jingwu Z. Zhang,et al.  Ex vivo detection of myelin basic protein‐reactive T cells in multiple sclerosis and controls using specific TCR oligonucleotide probes , 2004, European journal of immunology.

[20]  P. Lebon,et al.  Multiple sclerosis: Involvement of interferons in lesion pathogenesis , 1988, Annals of neurology.

[21]  R. Chiarle,et al.  In the absence of IGF-1 signaling, IFN-gamma suppresses human malignant T-cell growth. , 2007, Blood.

[22]  S. Dhib-jalbut,et al.  Serum interferon β-1a (Avonex) levels following intramuscular injection in relapsing-remitting MS patients , 1998, Neurology.

[23]  R. Hirsch,et al.  EXACERBATIONS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH GAMMA INTERFERON , 1987, The Lancet.

[24]  L. Steinman A rush to judgment on Th17 , 2008, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[25]  A. Bar-Or,et al.  What do we know about the mechanism of action of disease-modifying treatments in MS? , 2004, Journal of Neurology.

[26]  L. Conti,et al.  IFNγR2 trafficking tunes IFNγ–STAT1 signaling in T lymphocytes , 2006 .

[27]  A. Billiau,et al.  Chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CREAE) in mice: enhancement by monoclonal antibodies against interferon‐γ , 1996, European journal of immunology.

[28]  D. Goodin,et al.  Disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the MS Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines , 2002 .

[29]  A. Ghezzi,et al.  Every-other-day interferon beta-1b versus once-weekly interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis: results of a 2-year prospective randomised multicentre study (INCOMIN) , 2002, The Lancet.

[30]  Roland Martin,et al.  Using gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging lesions to monitor disease activity in multiple sclerosis , 1992, Annals of neurology.

[31]  L. Cosmi,et al.  Phenotypic and functional features of human Th17 cells , 2007, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[32]  F. Golla The Central Nervous System , 1960, Nature.

[33]  V. Kuchroo,et al.  TH-17 cells in the circle of immunity and autoimmunity , 2007, Nature Immunology.

[34]  I Nicoletti,et al.  A rapid and simple method for measuring thymocyte apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. , 1991, Journal of immunological methods.

[35]  T. Mcclanahan,et al.  IL-23 drives a pathogenic T cell population that induces autoimmune inflammation , 2005, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[36]  M. Panelius,et al.  [Interferon-beta in the treatment of multiple sclerosis]. , 1995, Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja.

[37]  D. Arnold,et al.  Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases , 2006, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[38]  J. Goverman,et al.  Differential regulation of central nervous system autoimmunity by TH1 and TH17 cells , 2008, Nature Medicine.

[39]  G. Lutfalla,et al.  Down-Modulation of Responses to Type I IFN Upon T Cell Activation1 , 2003, The Journal of Immunology.

[40]  Nathalie Arbour,et al.  Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood-brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation , 2007, Nature Medicine.

[41]  G. Cheng,et al.  The type I IFN induction pathway constrains Th17-mediated autoimmune inflammation in mice. , 2008, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[42]  P. Kivisäkk,et al.  Interleukin-17 mRNA expression in blood and CSF mononuclear cells is augmented in multiple sclerosis , 1999, Multiple sclerosis.

[43]  Hans Lassmann,et al.  Inflammatory central nervous system demyelination: Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging findings with lesion pathology , 1997, Annals of neurology.

[44]  R. Nussenblatt,et al.  TH17 cells contribute to uveitis and scleritis and are expanded by IL-2 and inhibited by IL-27/STAT1 , 2007, Nature Medicine.

[45]  L. Cosmi,et al.  Human interleukin 17–producing cells originate from a CD161+CD4+ T cell precursor , 2008, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[46]  C. Brosnan,et al.  Identification of lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor in multiple sclerosis lesions. , 1991, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[47]  R. Chiarle,et al.  In the absence of IGF-1 signaling, IFN-γ suppresses human malignant T-cell growth , 2007 .