Offline Handwritten Character Recognition of Gujrati script using Pattern Matching

during the last forty years, Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) has most often been investigated under the framework of Character Recognition (OCR) and Pattern Recognition. HCR is more considered as a perceptual and interpretation task closely connected with research into Human Language. India is a country which uses many languages in the different parts of the country be it for personal use or use of business. In this study we propose a novel solution for performing character recognition in Gujrati, the official language of Gujarat. Pursued by the preprocessing techniques, we suggest a method called Pattern Matching where a character is identified by analyzing its shape and comparing its features that distinguish each character. Various handwritten characters from forms or peripheral devices etc. are recognized with the help of various pre-processing and image enhancement techniques. These characters are further more specifically recognized by Pattern matching using Neural Network.

[1]  Madasu Hanmandlu,et al.  Fuzzy model based recognition of handwritten numerals , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[2]  Thierry Paquet,et al.  Text line segmentation in handwritten document using a production system , 2004, Ninth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition.

[3]  Venu Govindaraju,et al.  Historical document image enhancement using background light intensity normalization , 2004, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004..

[4]  C. V. Jawahar,et al.  Learning Segmentation of Documents with Complex Scripts , 2006, ICVGIP.

[5]  Yinglin Yu,et al.  Handwritten Chinese character recognition using spatial Gabor filters and self-organizing feature maps , 1994, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Image Processing.

[6]  LeeSeong-Whan.  Off-Line Recognition of Totally Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals Using Multilayer Cluster Neural Network , 1996 .

[7]  Horst Bunke,et al.  Off-line handwriting identification using HMM based recognizers , 2004, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004..

[8]  Seong-Whan Lee.  Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition , 1999, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[9]  Suban G. Krishnamoorthy,et al.  Recognition of handprinted Tamil characters , 1980, Pattern Recognit..

[10]  Nafiz Arica,et al.  An overview of character recognition focused on off-line handwriting , 2001, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Syst..

[11]  K. GovindanV.,et al.  Character recognitiona review , 1990 .

[12]  Veena Bansal,et al.  On how to describe shapes of Devanagari characters and use them for recognition , 1999, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. ICDAR '99 (Cat. No.PR00318).

[13]  V. K. Govindan,et al.  Character recognition - A review , 1990, Pattern Recognit..

[14]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  Cursive Script Recognition: A Sentence Level Recognition Scheme , 1994 .

[15]  Le Song,et al.  Study on the Vision Reading Algorithm based on Template Matching and Neural Network , 2007, 2007 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks.

[16]  Venu Govindaraju,et al.  Line separation for complex document images using fuzzy runlength , 2004, First International Workshop on Document Image Analysis for Libraries, 2004. Proceedings..

[17]  Laurence Likforman-Sulem,et al.  Text line segmentation of historical documents: a survey , 2007, International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR).

[18]  Venu Govindaraju,et al.  Holistic Verification of Handwritten Phrases , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[19]  Hiromitsu Yamada,et al.  A nonlinear normalization method for handprinted kanji character recognition - line density equalization , 1990, Pattern Recognit..

[20]  Ching Y. Suen,et al.  The State of the Art in Online Handwriting Recognition , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[21]  Ishwar K. Sethi,et al.  Machine recognition of constrained hand printed devanagari , 1977, Pattern Recognit..

[22]  Jinhai Cai,et al.  Integration of structural and statistical information for unconstrained handwritten numeral recognition , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[23]  Horst Bunke,et al.  Off-Line, Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Perturbation Method , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[24]  M. Shridhar,et al.  SEGMENTATION-BASED CURSIVE HANDWRITING RECOGNITION , 1997 .

[25]  S. N Srihari,et al.  Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition , 2002 .

[26]  Sargur N. Srihari,et al.  Off-Line Cursive Script Word Recognition , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[27]  L. Ganesan,et al.  Fuzzy approach to recognize handwritten Tamil characters , 1999, Proceedings Third International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications. ICCIMA'99 (Cat. No.PR00300).

[28]  Horst Bunke,et al.  Using HMM based recognizers for writer identification and verification , 2004, Ninth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition.

[29]  Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri,et al.  Indian script character recognition: a survey , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[30]  Zhixin Shi,et al.  A natural learning algorithm based on Hough transform for text lines extraction in handwritten documents , 1999 .

[31]  Torsten Caesar,et al.  Preprocessing and feature extraction for a handwriting recognition system , 1993, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93).

[32]  Ioannis Pratikakis,et al.  A Block-Based Hough Transform Mapping for Text Line Detection in Handwritten Documents , 2006 .

[33]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Stochastic models for closed boundary analysis: Representation and reconstruction , 1981, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[34]  Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri,et al.  A complete printed Bangla OCR system , 1998, Pattern Recognit..

[35]  Chao-Huang Chang.  Simulated annealing clustering of Chinese words for contextual text recognition , 1996, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[36]  R. Prabhakar,et al.  An Improved Handwritten Tamil Character Recognition System using Octal Graph , 2008 .

[37]  G. SIROMONEY,et al.  Computer recognition of printed Tamil characters , 1978, Pattern Recognit..

[38]  H.M.R. Abou-zeid,et al.  Computer recognition of unconstrained handwritten numerals , 2003, 2003 46th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[39]  Horst Bunke,et al.  Using a Statistical Language Model to Improve the Performance of an HMM-Based Cursive Handwriting Recognition System , 2001, Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell..

[40]  Seong-Whan Lee.  Off-Line Recognition of Totally Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals Using Multilayer Cluster Neural Network , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[41]  Jianying Hu,et al.  HMM Based On-Line Handwriting Recognition , 1996, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[42]  L. Ganesan,et al.  Recognition of printed and handwritten Tamil characters using fuzzy approach , 2005, Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA'05).

[43]  J. Mantas,et al.  An overview of character recognition methodologies , 1986, Pattern Recognit..