A 50-GHz Phase-Locked Loop in 130-nm CMOS

A 50-GHz charge pump phase locked loop (PLL) utilizing an LC-oscillator based injection locked divider is fabricated in a 130-nm logic CMOS process. The PLL can be locked from 45.9 to 50.5 GHz and output power level is around -10 dBm. The circuit including buffers consumes 57 mW from 1.5/0.8 V supplies. The phase noise at 50 kHz, 1 MHz and 10 MHz offset from the carrier is -63.5, -72, and -99 dBc/Hz, respectively. The PLL also outputs -22-dBm second order harmonic frequencies between 91.8 and 101 GHz

[1]  Chih-Ming Hung,et al.  A fully integrated 1.5-V 5.5-GHz CMOS phase-locked loop , 2002, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[2]  B. Floyd,et al.  60GHz transceiver circuits in SiGe bipolar technology , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37519).

[3]  Chih-Ming Hung,et al.  Fully integrated 5.35-GHz CMOS VCOs and prescalers , 2000 .

[4]  Hiroyo Ogawa,et al.  Millimeter-wave remote self-heterodyne system for extremely stable and low-cost broad-band signal transmission , 2002 .

[5]  Chih-Sheng Chang,et al.  A 114GHz VCO in 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS technology , 2005, ISSCC. 2005 IEEE International Digest of Technical Papers. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2005..

[6]  H.-D. Wohlmuth,et al.  A high sensitivity static 2:1 frequency divider up to 27GHz in 120nm CMOS , 2002, Proceedings of the 28th European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[7]  Changhua Cao.  A power efficient 26-GHz 32:1 static frequency divider in 130-nm bulk CMOS , 2005 .

[8]  Dong-Jun Yang.  A 14-GHz 256/257 dual-modulus prescaler with secondary feedback and its application to a monolithic CMOS 10.4-GHz phase-locked loop , 2004 .

[9]  Ralph E. Bishop,et al.  24.6 64GHz and 100GHz VCOs in 90nm CMOS Using Optimum Pumping Method , 2004 .

[10]  T. Nakagawa,et al.  An MMIC V-band phase-locked oscillator using a GaAs MMIC sampling phase detector , 1997 .

[11]  E. Seok,et al.  192 GHz push–push VCO in 0.13 [micro sign]m CMOS , 2006 .

[12]  F. Ellinger,et al.  A 40-GHz static frequency divider with quadrature outputs in 80-nm CMOS , 2006, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[13]  R. Adler,et al.  A Study of Locking Phenomena in Oscillators , 1946, Proceedings of the IRE.

[14]  M. Tiebout,et al.  A 50 GHz direct injection locked oscillator topology as low power frequency divider in 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS , 2003, ESSCIRC 2004 - 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03EX705).

[15]  H.R. Rategh,et al.  A CMOS frequency synthesizer with an injection-locked frequency divider for a 5-GHz wireless LAN receiver , 2000, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[16]  A. Hajimiri,et al.  A 19 GHz 0.5 mW 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS frequency divider with shunt-peaking locking-range enhancement , 2001, 2001 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC (Cat. No.01CH37177).

[17]  T. Lee,et al.  Superharmonic injection-locked frequency dividers , 1999, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[18]  S. Simon Wong,et al.  Analysis and optimization of accumulation-mode varactor for RF ICs , 1998, 1998 Symposium on VLSI Circuits. Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.98CH36215).

[19]  F. Gardner,et al.  Charge-Pump Phase-Lock Loops , 1980, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[20]  M. Fujishima,et al.  55GHz CMOS frequency divider with 3.2GHz locking range , 2004, Proceedings of the 30th European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[21]  B.A. Bloechel,et al.  64 GHz and 100 GHz VCOs in 90 nm CMOS using optimum pumping method , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37519).

[22]  K. O. Kenneth,et al.  Millimeter-wave voltage-controlled oscillators in 0.13-μm CMOS technology , 2006, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[23]  B. Razavi.  A study of injection locking and pulling in oscillators , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[24]  J. Bock,et al.  45 GHz highly integrated phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer in SiGe bipolar technology , 2002, 2002 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (Cat. No.02CH37278).

[25]  Youngwoo Kwon,et al.  A fully integrated V-band PLL MMIC using 0.15-/spl mu/m GaAs pHEMT technology , 2006 .

[26]  Shen-Iuan Liu,et al.  A 44GHz Dual-Modulus Divide-by-4/5 Prescaler in 90nm CMOS Technology , 2006, IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2006.

[27]  K. O. Kenneth,et al.  Millimeter-wave voltage-controlled oscillators in 0.13-μm CMOS technology , 2006, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[28]  A. Hajimiri,et al.  A 77GHz Phased-Array Transmitter with Local LO-Path Phase-Shifting in Silicon , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers.

[29]  F. Herzel,et al.  A fully integrated BiCMOS PLL for 60 GHz wireless applications , 2005, ISSCC. 2005 IEEE International Digest of Technical Papers. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2005..

[30]  Chih-Ming Hung,et al.  High-Q capacitors implemented in a CMOS process for low-power wireless applications , 1998 .

[31]  B. Floyd,et al.  A silicon 60GHz receiver and transmitter chipset for broadband communications , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers.

[32]  Mingquan Bao,et al.  A 21.5/43-GHz dual-frequency balanced Colpitts VCO in SiGe technology , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[33]  K. Kurokawa,et al.  Injection locking of microwave solid-state oscillators , 1973 .