Intravascular pressure and velocity fluctuations in pulmonic arterial stenosis.

Abstract Measurements of intravascular pressure fluctuations and blood flow turbulence were made in six calves in close vicinity of a surgically induced pulmonic stenosis. The experiments were carried out in three series: Series I measurements were made intraoperatively in open-chest calves with 40% and 60% stenosis and varying heart rates due to Isoproterenol infusions. Series II measurements were performed at three different times during 112 days after recovery. Series III experiments were performed 159.2 ± 5.8 days following the initial surgery; the chest was reopened. Spectral analysis of the simultaneously measured pressure and flow fluctuations showed a range of −5 3 power slope in the flow energy spectra which break into −10 3 power slope at approximately 100 Hz. The pressure energy in the same frequency range increased sharply. Based on the data, the transformation of energy flow fluctuations to pressure fluctuations is discussed. The variations of intravascular pressure energy in axial positions with respect to the stenosis are presented.

[1]  D. Bruns.  A general theory of the causes of murmurs in the cardiovascular system. , 1959, The American journal of medicine.

[2]  D. Giddens,et al.  Analysis of disorder in pulsatile flows with application to poststenotic blood velocity measurement in dogs. , 1978, Journal of biomechanics.

[3]  C Clark,et al.  Turbulent wall pressure measurements in a model of aortic stenosis. , 1977, Journal of biomechanics.

[4]  R. J. Tobin,et al.  Wall pressure spectra scaling downstream of stenoses in steady tube flow. , 1976, Journal of biomechanics.

[5]  H. V. Fuchs,et al.  The intrinsic structure of turbulent jets , 1972 .

[6]  R. Berguer,et al.  Critical Arterial Stenosis: A Theoretical and Experimental Solution , 1974, Annals of surgery.

[7]  D R Boughner,et al.  Effect of Low Frequency Vibration on the Arterial Wall , 1971, Circulation research.

[8]  D. Giddens,et al.  Measurements of Disordered Flows Distal to Subtotal Vascular Stenoses in the Thoracic Aortas of Dogs , 1976, Circulation research.

[9]  N. Curle.  The influence of solid boundaries upon aerodynamic sound , 1955, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[10]  D. L. Fry.  Acute Vascular Endothelial Changes Associated with Increased Blood Velocity Gradients , 1968, Circulation research.

[11]  M. Lighthill.  On sound generated aerodynamically I. General theory , 1952, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[12]  D. Wieting,et al.  Turbulent flow through a natural human mitral valve. , 1977, Journal of biomechanics.

[13]  W. Möhring,et al.  On vortex sound at low Mach number , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[14]  N R Cholvin,et al.  Wall vibrations induced by flow through simulated stenosis in models and arteries. , 1977, Journal of biomechanics.

[15]  W. Willmarth,et al.  Wall-pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate and a cylinder , 1970, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[16]  M. R. Roach,et al.  Etiology of Pulmonary Artery Dilatation and Hilar Dance in Atrial Septal Defect , 1971, Circulation research.

[17]  D. L. Fry.  Arotic Evans blue dye accumulation: its measurement and interpretation. , 1977, The American journal of physiology.

[18]  J. Neuwirth.  Pressure and Velocity Fluctuations Associated with the Flow Through a Stenosis with Upstream Roughness , 1977, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[19]  R. Lees,et al.  Evaluation of carotid stenosis by phonoangiography. , 1975, The New England journal of medicine.

[20]  M. Lighthill.  On sound generated aerodynamically II. Turbulence as a source of sound , 1954, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[21]  J. Williams,et al.  The noise from the large-scale structure of a jet , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[22]  J J Fredberg,et al.  Origin and character of vascular murmurs: model studies. , 1977, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[23]  C Clark,et al.  Turbulent velocity measurements in a model of aortic stenosis. , 1976, Journal of biomechanics.

[24]  W. Heisenberg,et al.  Zur statistischen Theorie der Turbulenz , 1948 .

[25]  R. Lees,et al.  Phonoangiography: a new noninvasive diagnostic method for studying arterial disease. , 1970, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[26]  R. Betchov.  On the fine structure of turbulent flows , 1957, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[27]  Donald L. Fry,et al.  Certain Chemorheologic Considerations Regarding the Blood Vascular Interface with Particular Reference to Coronary Artery Disease , 1969 .