Carbon dioxide R744 as a refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems

Toyota’s announcement that they are to use environmentally friendly, high-performance air-conditioning systems based on the refrigerant R744 as from the year 2003 confirms a world-wide trend. German competitors documented their development achievements in this area during the course of SAE conferences in Phoenix during the period 1998 to 2000. The authors who contributed to the present article come from LuK/Sanden and Obrist Engineering, both of which work closely with Audi, BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Volkswagen and their suppliers to develop components and processes.